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// Copyright 2022 Google LLC.
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//go:build windows
// +build windows
// Cert_util provides helpers for working with Windows certificates via crypt32.dll
package ncrypt
import (
"crypto"
"crypto/x509"
"errors"
"fmt"
"io"
"syscall"
"unsafe"
"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
)
const (
// wincrypt.h constants
encodingX509ASN = 1 // X509_ASN_ENCODING
certStoreCurrentUserID = 1 // CERT_SYSTEM_STORE_CURRENT_USER_ID
certStoreLocalMachineID = 2 // CERT_SYSTEM_STORE_LOCAL_MACHINE_ID
infoIssuerFlag = 4 // CERT_INFO_ISSUER_FLAG
compareNameStrW = 8 // CERT_COMPARE_NAME_STR_A
certStoreProvSystem = 10 // CERT_STORE_PROV_SYSTEM
compareShift = 16 // CERT_COMPARE_SHIFT
locationShift = 16 // CERT_SYSTEM_STORE_LOCATION_SHIFT
findIssuerStr = compareNameStrW<<compareShift | infoIssuerFlag // CERT_FIND_ISSUER_STR_W
certStoreLocalMachine = certStoreLocalMachineID << locationShift // CERT_SYSTEM_STORE_LOCAL_MACHINE
certStoreCurrentUser = certStoreCurrentUserID << locationShift // CERT_SYSTEM_STORE_CURRENT_USER
signatureKeyUsage = 0x80 // CERT_DIGITAL_SIGNATURE_KEY_USAGE
acquireCached = 0x1 // CRYPT_ACQUIRE_CACHE_FLAG
acquireSilent = 0x40 // CRYPT_ACQUIRE_SILENT_FLAG
acquireOnlyNCryptKey = 0x40000 // CRYPT_ACQUIRE_ONLY_NCRYPT_KEY_FLAG
ncryptKeySpec = 0xFFFFFFFF // CERT_NCRYPT_KEY_SPEC
certChainCacheOnlyURLRetrieval = 0x00000004 // CERT_CHAIN_CACHE_ONLY_URL_RETRIEVAL
certChainDisableAIA = 0x00002000 // CERT_CHAIN_DISABLE_AIA
certChainRevocationCheckCacheOnly = 0x80000000 // CERT_CHAIN_REVOCATION_CHECK_CACHE_ONLY
hcceLocalMachine = windows.Handle(0x01) // HCCE_LOCAL_MACHINE
// winerror.h constants
cryptENotFound = 0x80092004 // CRYPT_E_NOT_FOUND
)
var (
null = uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(nil))
crypt32 = windows.MustLoadDLL("crypt32.dll")
certFindCertificateInStore = crypt32.MustFindProc("CertFindCertificateInStore")
certGetIntendedKeyUsage = crypt32.MustFindProc("CertGetIntendedKeyUsage")
cryptAcquireCertificatePrivateKey = crypt32.MustFindProc("CryptAcquireCertificatePrivateKey")
)
// findCert wraps the CertFindCertificateInStore call. Note that any cert context passed
// into prev will be freed. If no certificate was found, nil will be returned.
func findCert(store windows.Handle, enc uint32, findFlags uint32, findType uint32, para *uint16, prev *windows.CertContext) (*windows.CertContext, error) {
h, _, err := certFindCertificateInStore.Call(
uintptr(store),
uintptr(enc),
uintptr(findFlags),
uintptr(findType),
uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(para)),
uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(prev)),
)
if h == 0 {
// Actual error, or simply not found?
errno, ok := err.(syscall.Errno)
if !ok {
return nil, err
}
if errno == cryptENotFound {
return nil, nil
}
return nil, err
}
return (*windows.CertContext)(unsafe.Pointer(h)), nil
}
// extractSimpleChain extracts the final certificate chain from a CertSimpleChain.
// Adapted from crypto.x509.root_windows
func extractSimpleChain(simpleChain **windows.CertSimpleChain, chainCount int) ([]*x509.Certificate, error) {
if simpleChain == nil || chainCount == 0 {
return nil, errors.New("invalid simple chain")
}
// Convert the simpleChain array to a huge slice and slice it to the length we want.
// https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/cgo#turning-c-arrays-into-go-slices
simpleChains := (*[1 << 20]*windows.CertSimpleChain)(unsafe.Pointer(simpleChain))[:chainCount:chainCount]
// Each simple chain contains the chain of certificates, summary trust information
// about the chain, and trust information about each certificate element in the chain.
// Select the last chain since only expect to encounter one chain.
lastChain := simpleChains[chainCount-1]
chainLen := int(lastChain.NumElements)
elements := (*[1 << 20]*windows.CertChainElement)(unsafe.Pointer(lastChain.Elements))[:chainLen:chainLen]
chain := make([]*x509.Certificate, 0, chainLen)
for _, element := range elements {
xc, err := certContextToX509(element.CertContext)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
chain = append(chain, xc)
}
return chain, nil
}
// findCertChain builds a chain from a given certificate using the local machine store.
func findCertChain(cert *windows.CertContext) ([]*x509.Certificate, error) {
var (
chainPara windows.CertChainPara
chainCtx *windows.CertChainContext
)
// Search the system for candidate certificate chains.
// Because we are using unsafe pointers here, we CANNOT directly call
// CertGetCertificateChain and MUST either use the windows or syscall library
// to validly use unsafe pointers.
// See https://golang.org/pkg/unsafe/#Pointer for valid unsafe package patterns.
chainPara.Size = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(chainPara))
err := windows.CertGetCertificateChain(
hcceLocalMachine,
cert,
nil,
cert.Store,
&chainPara,
certChainRevocationCheckCacheOnly|certChainCacheOnlyURLRetrieval|certChainDisableAIA,
0,
&chainCtx)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("getCertificateChain: %w", err)
}
defer windows.CertFreeCertificateChain(chainCtx)
x509Certs, err := extractSimpleChain(chainCtx.Chains, int(chainCtx.ChainCount))
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("getCertificateChain extractSimpleChain: %w", err)
}
return x509Certs, nil
}
// intendedKeyUsage wraps CertGetIntendedKeyUsage. If there are key usage bytes they will be returned,
// otherwise 0 will be returned.
func intendedKeyUsage(enc uint32, cert *windows.CertContext) (usage uint16) {
_, _, _ = certGetIntendedKeyUsage.Call(uintptr(enc), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(cert.CertInfo)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&usage)), 2)
return
}
// acquirePrivateKey wraps CryptAcquireCertificatePrivateKey.
func acquirePrivateKey(cert *windows.CertContext) (windows.Handle, error) {
var (
key windows.Handle
keySpec uint32
mustFree int
)
r, _, err := cryptAcquireCertificatePrivateKey.Call(
uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(cert)),
acquireCached|acquireSilent|acquireOnlyNCryptKey,
null,
uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&key)),
uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&keySpec)),
uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&mustFree)),
)
if r == 0 {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("acquiring private key: %x %w", r, err)
}
if mustFree != 0 {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("wrong mustFree [%d != 0]", mustFree)
}
if keySpec != ncryptKeySpec {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("wrong keySpec [%d != %d]", keySpec, ncryptKeySpec)
}
return key, nil
}
// certContextToX509 extracts the x509 certificate from the cert context.
func certContextToX509(ctx *windows.CertContext) (*x509.Certificate, error) {
// To ensure we don't mess with the cert context's memory, use a copy of it.
src := (*[1 << 20]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(ctx.EncodedCert))[:ctx.Length:ctx.Length]
der := make([]byte, int(ctx.Length))
copy(der, src)
xc, err := x509.ParseCertificate(der)
if err != nil {
return xc, err
}
return xc, nil
}
// Cred returns a Key wrapping the first valid certificate in the system store
// matching a given issuer string.
func Cred(issuer string, storeName string, provider string) (*Key, error) {
var certStore uint32
if provider == "local_machine" {
certStore = uint32(certStoreLocalMachine)
} else if provider == "current_user" {
certStore = uint32(certStoreCurrentUser)
} else {
return nil, errors.New("provider must be local_machine or current_user")
}
storeNamePtr, err := windows.UTF16PtrFromString(storeName)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
store, err := windows.CertOpenStore(certStoreProvSystem, 0, null, certStore, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(storeNamePtr)))
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("opening certificate store: %w", err)
}
i, err := windows.UTF16PtrFromString(issuer)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
var prev *windows.CertContext
for {
nc, err := findCert(store, encodingX509ASN, 0, findIssuerStr, i, prev)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("finding certificates: %w", err)
}
if nc == nil {
return nil, errors.New("no certificate found")
}
prev = nc
if (intendedKeyUsage(encodingX509ASN, nc) & signatureKeyUsage) == 0 {
continue
}
xc, err := certContextToX509(nc)
if err != nil {
continue
}
machineChain, err := findCertChain(nc)
if err != nil {
continue
}
return &Key{
cert: xc,
ctx: nc,
store: store,
chain: machineChain,
}, nil
}
}
// Key is a wrapper around the certificate store and context that uses it to
// implement signing-related methods with CryptoNG functionality.
type Key struct {
cert *x509.Certificate
ctx *windows.CertContext
store windows.Handle
chain []*x509.Certificate
}
// CertificateChain returns the credential as a raw X509 cert chain. This
// contains the public key.
func (k *Key) CertificateChain() [][]byte {
// Convert the certificates to a list of encoded certificate bytes.
chain := make([][]byte, len(k.chain))
for i, xc := range k.chain {
chain[i] = xc.Raw
}
return chain
}
// Close releases resources held by the credential.
func (k *Key) Close() error {
if err := windows.CertFreeCertificateContext(k.ctx); err != nil {
return err
}
return windows.CertCloseStore(k.store, 0)
}
// Public returns the corresponding public key for this Key.
func (k *Key) Public() crypto.PublicKey {
return k.cert.PublicKey
}
// Sign signs a message digest. Here, we pass off the signing to the Windows CryptoNG library.
func (k *Key) Sign(_ io.Reader, digest []byte, opts crypto.SignerOpts) ([]byte, error) {
key, err := acquirePrivateKey(k.ctx)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot acquire private key handle: %w", err)
}
return SignHash(key, k.Public(), digest, opts)
}
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