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diff --git a/man/dosfsck.8 b/man/dosfsck.8 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9443543 --- /dev/null +++ b/man/dosfsck.8 @@ -0,0 +1,147 @@ +.TH DOSFSCK 8 "December 31 1997" "Linux" "MAINTENANCE COMMANDS" +.SH NAME +dosfsck \- check and repair MS-DOS file systems +.SH SYNOPSIS +.ad l +.B dosfsck|fsck.msdos|fsck.vfat +.RB [ \-aAflnrtvVwy ] +.RB [ \-d\ \fIpath\fB\ \-d\ \fI...\fB ] +.RB [ \-u\ \fIpath\fB\ \-u\ \fI...\fB ] +.I device +.ad b +.SH DESCRIPTION +.B dosfsck +verifies the consistency of MS-DOS file systems and optionally tries to +repair them. The following file system problems can be corrected (in this +order): +.IP \- +FAT contains invalid cluster numbers. Cluster is changed to EOF. +.PD 0 +.IP \- +File's cluster chain contains a loop. The loop is broken. +.IP \- +Bad clusters (read errors). The clusters are marked bad and they are +removed from files owning them. This check is optional. +.IP \- +Directories with a large number of bad entries (probably corrupt). The +directory can be deleted. +.IP \- +Files . and .. are non-directories. They can be deleted or renamed. +.IP \- +Directories . and .. in root directory. They are deleted. +.IP \- +Bad file names. They can be renamed. +.IP \- +Duplicate directory entries. They can be deleted or renamed. +.IP \- +Directories with non-zero size field. Size is set to zero. +.IP \- +Directory . does not point to parent directory. The start pointer is +adjusted. +.IP \- +Directory .. does not point to parent of parent directory. The start pointer +is adjusted. +.IP \- +Start cluster number of a file is invalid. The file is truncated. +.IP \- +File contains bad or free clusters. The file is truncated. +.IP \- +File's cluster chain is longer than indicated by the size fields. The file +is truncated. +.IP \- +Two or more files share the same cluster(s). All but one of the files are +truncated. If the file being truncated is a directory file that has already +been read, the file system check is restarted after truncation. +.IP \- +File's cluster chain is shorter than indicated by the size fields. The file +is truncated. +.IP \- +Clusters are marked as used but are not owned by a file. They are marked +as free. +.PD +.LP +Additionally, the following problems are detected, but not repaired: +.IP \- +Invalid parameters in boot sector. +.PD 0 +.IP \- +Absence of . and .. entries in non-root directories +.PD +.LP +When \fBdosfsck\fP checks a file system, it accumulates all changes in memory +and performs them only after all checks are complete. This can be disabled +with the \fB\-w\fP option. +.SH OPTIONS +.IP \fB\-a\fP +Automatically repair the file system. No user intervention is necessary. +Whenever there is more than one method to solve a problem, the least +destructive approach is used. +.IP \fB\-A\fP +Use Atari variation of the MS-DOS filesystem. This is default if +\fBdosfsck\fP is run on an Atari, then this option turns off Atari +format. There are some minor differences in Atari format: Some boot +sector fields are interpreted slightly different, and the special FAT +entries for end-of-file and bad cluster can be different. Under +MS-DOS 0xfff8 is used for EOF and Atari employs 0xffff by default, but +both systems recognize all values from 0xfff8...0xffff as end-of-file. +MS-DOS uses only 0xfff7 for bad clusters, where on Atari values +0xfff0...0xfff7 are for this purpose (but the standard value is still +0xfff7). +.IP \fB\-d\fP +Delete the specified file. If more that one file with that name exists, the +first one is deleted. +.IP \fB\-f\fP +Salvage unused cluster chains to files. By default, unused clusters are +added to the free disk space except in auto mode (\fB-a\fP). +.IP \fB\-l\fP +List path names of files being processed. +.IP \fB\-n\fP +No-operation mode: non-interactively check for errors, but don't write +anything to the filesystem. +.IP \fB\-r\fP +Interactively repair the file system. The user is asked for advice whenever +there is more than one approach to fix an inconsistency. +.IP \fB\-t\fP +Mark unreadable clusters as bad. +.IP \fB-u\fP +Try to undelete the specified file. \fBdosfsck\fP tries to allocate a chain +of contiguous unallocated clusters beginning with the start cluster of the +undeleted file. +.IP \fB\-v\fP +Verbose mode. Generates slightly more output. +.IP \fB\-V\fP +Perform a verification pass. The file system check is repeated after the +first run. The second pass should never report any fixable errors. It may +take considerably longer than the first pass, because the first pass may +have generated long list of modifications that have to be scanned for each +disk read. +.IP \fB\-w\fP +Write changes to disk immediately. +.IP \fB\-y\fP +Same as \fB\-a\fP (automatically repair filesystem) for compatibility +with other fsck tools. +.LP +If \fB\-a\fP and \fB\-r\fP are absent, the file system is only checked, +but not repaired. +.SH "EXIT STATUS" +.IP 0 +No recoverable errors have been detected. +.IP 1 +Recoverable errors have been detected or \fBdosfsck\fP has discovered an +internal inconsistency. +.IP 2 +Usage error. \fBdosfsck\fP did not access the file system. +.SH FILES +.IP "fsck0000.rec, fsck0001.rec, ..." +When recovering from a corrupted file system, dosfsck dumps recovered data +into files named 'fsckNNNN.rec' in the top level directory of the file system. +.SH BUGS +Does not create . and .. files where necessary. Does not remove entirely +empty directories. Should give more diagnostic messages. Undeleting files +should use a more sophisticated algorithm. +.\".SH "SEE ALSO" +.\"fs(5) +.SH AUTHORS +Werner Almesberger <werner.almesberger@lrc.di.epfl.ch> +Extensions (FAT32, VFAT) by and current maintainer: +Roman Hodek <roman@hodek.net> |