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+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.math3.genetics;
+
+import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.MathIllegalArgumentException;
+import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.util.LocalizedFormats;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Tournament selection scheme. Each of the two selected chromosomes is selected based on n-ary
+ * tournament -- this is done by drawing {@link #arity} random chromosomes without replacement from
+ * the population, and then selecting the fittest chromosome among them.
+ *
+ * @since 2.0
+ */
+public class TournamentSelection implements SelectionPolicy {
+
+ /** number of chromosomes included in the tournament selections */
+ private int arity;
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a new TournamentSelection instance.
+ *
+ * @param arity how many chromosomes will be drawn to the tournament
+ */
+ public TournamentSelection(final int arity) {
+ this.arity = arity;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Select two chromosomes from the population. Each of the two selected chromosomes is selected
+ * based on n-ary tournament -- this is done by drawing {@link #arity} random chromosomes
+ * without replacement from the population, and then selecting the fittest chromosome among
+ * them.
+ *
+ * @param population the population from which the chromosomes are chosen.
+ * @return the selected chromosomes.
+ * @throws MathIllegalArgumentException if the tournament arity is bigger than the population
+ * size
+ */
+ public ChromosomePair select(final Population population) throws MathIllegalArgumentException {
+ return new ChromosomePair(
+ tournament((ListPopulation) population), tournament((ListPopulation) population));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Helper for {@link #select(Population)}. Draw {@link #arity} random chromosomes without
+ * replacement from the population, and then select the fittest chromosome among them.
+ *
+ * @param population the population from which the chromosomes are chosen.
+ * @return the selected chromosome.
+ * @throws MathIllegalArgumentException if the tournament arity is bigger than the population
+ * size
+ */
+ private Chromosome tournament(final ListPopulation population)
+ throws MathIllegalArgumentException {
+ if (population.getPopulationSize() < this.arity) {
+ throw new MathIllegalArgumentException(
+ LocalizedFormats.TOO_LARGE_TOURNAMENT_ARITY,
+ arity,
+ population.getPopulationSize());
+ }
+ // auxiliary population
+ ListPopulation tournamentPopulation =
+ new ListPopulation(this.arity) {
+ /** {@inheritDoc} */
+ public Population nextGeneration() {
+ // not useful here
+ return null;
+ }
+ };
+
+ // create a copy of the chromosome list
+ List<Chromosome> chromosomes = new ArrayList<Chromosome>(population.getChromosomes());
+ for (int i = 0; i < this.arity; i++) {
+ // select a random individual and add it to the tournament
+ int rind = GeneticAlgorithm.getRandomGenerator().nextInt(chromosomes.size());
+ tournamentPopulation.addChromosome(chromosomes.get(rind));
+ // do not select it again
+ chromosomes.remove(rind);
+ }
+ // the winner takes it all
+ return tournamentPopulation.getFittestChromosome();
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the arity (number of chromosomes drawn to the tournament).
+ *
+ * @return arity of the tournament
+ */
+ public int getArity() {
+ return arity;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Sets the arity (number of chromosomes drawn to the tournament).
+ *
+ * @param arity arity of the tournament
+ */
+ public void setArity(final int arity) {
+ this.arity = arity;
+ }
+}