aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/src/sg_wr_mode.c
blob: b2dff407011c0e0daf70fe4bddb8cc8dbfb8ad62 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2021 Douglas Gilbert.
 * All rights reserved.
 * Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
 * license that can be found in the BSD_LICENSE file.
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
 */

#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#include "sg_lib.h"
#include "sg_cmds_basic.h"
#include "sg_unaligned.h"
#include "sg_pr2serr.h"

/* A utility program originally written for the Linux OS SCSI subsystem.
 *
 * This program writes the given mode page contents to the corresponding
 * mode page on the given device.
 */

static const char * version_str = "1.27 20210610";

#define ME "sg_wr_mode: "

#define MX_ALLOC_LEN 2048
#define SHORT_ALLOC_LEN 252

#define EBUFF_SZ 256


static struct option long_options[] = {
        {"contents", required_argument, 0, 'c'},
        {"dbd", no_argument, 0, 'd'},
        {"force", no_argument, 0, 'f'},
        {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
        {"len", required_argument, 0, 'l'},
        {"mask", required_argument, 0, 'm'},
        {"page", required_argument, 0, 'p'},
        {"rtd", no_argument, 0, 'R'},
        {"save", no_argument, 0, 's'},
        {"six", no_argument, 0, '6'},
        {"verbose", no_argument, 0, 'v'},
        {"version", no_argument, 0, 'V'},
        {0, 0, 0, 0},
};


static void
usage()
{
    pr2serr("Usage: sg_wr_mode [--contents=H,H...] [--dbd] [--force] "
            "[--help]\n"
            "                  [--len=10|6] [--mask=M,M...] "
            "[--page=PG_H[,SPG_H]]\n"
            "                  [--rtd] [--save] [--six] [--verbose] "
            "[--version]\n"
            "                  DEVICE\n"
            "  where:\n"
            "    --contents=H,H... | -c H,H...    comma separated string "
            "of hex numbers\n"
            "                                     that is mode page contents "
            "to write\n"
            "    --contents=- | -c -   read stdin for mode page contents"
            " to write\n"
            "    --dbd | -d            disable block descriptors (DBD bit"
            " in cdb)\n"
            "    --force | -f          force the contents to be written\n"
            "    --help | -h           print out usage message\n"
            "    --len=10|6 | -l 10|6    use 10 byte (def) or 6 byte "
            "variants of\n"
            "                            SCSI MODE SENSE/SELECT commands\n"
            "    --mask=M,M... | -m M,M...   comma separated "
            "string of hex\n"
            "                                numbers that mask contents"
            " to write\n"
            "    --page=PG_H | -p PG_H     page_code to be written (in hex)\n"
            "    --page=PG_H,SPG_H | -p PG_H,SPG_H    page and subpage code "
            "to be\n"
            "                                         written (in hex)\n"
            "    --rtd | -R            set RTD bit (revert to defaults) in "
            "cdb\n"
            "    --save | -s           set 'save page' (SP) bit; default "
            "don't so\n"
            "                          only 'current' values changed\n"
            "    --six | -6            do SCSI MODE SENSE/SELECT(6) "
            "commands\n"
            "    --verbose | -v        increase verbosity\n"
            "    --version | -V        print version string and exit\n\n"
            "writes given mode page with SCSI MODE SELECT (10 or 6) "
            "command\n");
}


/* Read hex numbers from command line or stdin. On the command line can
 * either be comma or space separated list. Space separated list need to be
 * quoted. For stdin (indicated by *inp=='-') there should be either
 * one entry per line, a comma separated list or space separated list.
 * Returns 0 if ok, or sg3_utils error code if error. */
static int
build_mode_page(const char * inp, uint8_t * mp_arr, int * mp_arr_len,
                int max_arr_len)
{
    int in_len, k, j, m;
    unsigned int h;
    const char * lcp;
    char * cp;
    char * c2p;

    if ((NULL == inp) || (NULL == mp_arr) ||
        (NULL == mp_arr_len))
        return SG_LIB_LOGIC_ERROR;
    lcp = inp;
    in_len = strlen(inp);
    if (0 == in_len)
        *mp_arr_len = 0;
    if ('-' == inp[0]) {        /* read from stdin */
        bool split_line;
        int off = 0;
        char carry_over[4];
        char line[512];

        carry_over[0] = 0;
        for (j = 0; j < 512; ++j) {
            if (NULL == fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin))
                break;
            in_len = strlen(line);
            if (in_len > 0) {
                if ('\n' == line[in_len - 1]) {
                    --in_len;
                    line[in_len] = '\0';
                    split_line = false;
                } else
                    split_line = true;
            }
            if (in_len < 1) {
                carry_over[0] = 0;
                continue;
            }
            if (carry_over[0]) {
                if (isxdigit((uint8_t)line[0])) {
                    carry_over[1] = line[0];
                    carry_over[2] = '\0';
                    if (1 == sscanf(carry_over, "%x", &h))
                        mp_arr[off - 1] = h;       /* back up and overwrite */
                    else {
                        pr2serr("%s: carry_over error ['%s'] around line "
                                "%d\n", __func__, carry_over, j + 1);
                        return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
                    }
                    lcp = line + 1;
                    --in_len;
                } else
                    lcp = line;
                carry_over[0] = 0;
            } else
                lcp = line;
            m = strspn(lcp, " \t");
            if (m == in_len)
                continue;
            lcp += m;
            in_len -= m;
            if ('#' == *lcp)
                continue;
            k = strspn(lcp, "0123456789aAbBcCdDeEfF ,\t");
            if ((k < in_len) && ('#' != lcp[k])) {
                pr2serr("%s: syntax error at line %d, pos %d\n", __func__,
                        j + 1, m + k + 1);
                return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
            }
            for (k = 0; k < 1024; ++k) {
                if (1 == sscanf(lcp, "%x", &h)) {
                    if (h > 0xff) {
                        pr2serr("%s: hex number larger than 0xff in line %d, "
                                "pos %d\n", __func__, j + 1,
                                (int)(lcp - line + 1));
                        return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
                    }
                    if (split_line && (1 == strlen(lcp))) {
                        /* single trailing hex digit might be a split pair */
                        carry_over[0] = *lcp;
                    }
                    if ((off + k) >= max_arr_len) {
                        pr2serr("%s: array length exceeded\n", __func__);
                        return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
                    }
                    mp_arr[off + k] = h;
                    lcp = strpbrk(lcp, " ,\t");
                    if (NULL == lcp)
                        break;
                    lcp += strspn(lcp, " ,\t");
                    if ('\0' == *lcp)
                        break;
                } else {
                    if ('#' == *lcp) {
                        --k;
                        break;
                    }
                    pr2serr("%s: error in line %d, at pos %d\n", __func__,
                            j + 1, (int)(lcp - line + 1));
                    return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
                }
            }
            off += (k + 1);
        }
        *mp_arr_len = off;
    } else {        /* hex string on command line */
        k = strspn(inp, "0123456789aAbBcCdDeEfF, ");
        if (in_len != k) {
            pr2serr("%s: error at pos %d\n", __func__, k + 1);
            return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
        }
        for (k = 0; k < max_arr_len; ++k) {
            if (1 == sscanf(lcp, "%x", &h)) {
                if (h > 0xff) {
                    pr2serr("%s: hex number larger than 0xff at pos %d\n",
                            __func__, (int)(lcp - inp + 1));
                    return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
                }
                mp_arr[k] = h;
                cp = (char *)strchr(lcp, ',');
                c2p = (char *)strchr(lcp, ' ');
                if (NULL == cp)
                    cp = c2p;
                if (NULL == cp)
                    break;
                if (c2p && (c2p < cp))
                    cp = c2p;
                lcp = cp + 1;
            } else {
                pr2serr("%s: error at pos %d\n", __func__,
                        (int)(lcp - inp + 1));
                return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
            }
        }
        *mp_arr_len = k + 1;
        if (k == max_arr_len) {
            pr2serr("%s: array length exceeded\n", __func__);
            return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

/* Read hex numbers from command line (comma separated list).
 * Can also be (single) space separated list but needs to be quoted on the
 * command line. Returns 0 if ok, or 1 if error. */
static int
build_mask(const char * inp, uint8_t * mask_arr, int * mask_arr_len,
           int max_arr_len)
{
    int in_len, k;
    unsigned int h;
    const char * lcp;
    char * cp;
    char * c2p;

    if ((NULL == inp) || (NULL == mask_arr) ||
        (NULL == mask_arr_len))
        return 1;
    lcp = inp;
    in_len = strlen(inp);
    if (0 == in_len)
        *mask_arr_len = 0;
    if ('-' == inp[0]) {        /* read from stdin */
        pr2serr("'--mask' does not accept input from stdin\n");
        return 1;
    } else {        /* hex string on command line */
        k = strspn(inp, "0123456789aAbBcCdDeEfF, ");
        if (in_len != k) {
            pr2serr("%s: error at pos %d\n", __func__, k + 1);
            return 1;
        }
        for (k = 0; k < max_arr_len; ++k) {
            if (1 == sscanf(lcp, "%x", &h)) {
                if (h > 0xff) {
                    pr2serr("%s: hex number larger than 0xff at pos %d\n",
                            __func__, (int)(lcp - inp + 1));
                    return 1;
                }
                mask_arr[k] = h;
                cp = (char *)strchr(lcp, ',');
                c2p = (char *)strchr(lcp, ' ');
                if (NULL == cp)
                    cp = c2p;
                if (NULL == cp)
                    break;
                if (c2p && (c2p < cp))
                    cp = c2p;
                lcp = cp + 1;
            } else {
                pr2serr("%s: error at pos %d\n", __func__,
                        (int)(lcp - inp + 1));
                return 1;
            }
        }
        *mask_arr_len = k + 1;
        if (k == max_arr_len) {
            pr2serr("%s: array length exceeded\n", __func__);
            return 1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}


int
main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
    bool dbd = false;
    bool force = false;
    bool got_contents = false;
    bool got_mask = false;
    bool mode_6 = false;        /* so default is mode_10 */
    bool rtd = false;   /* added in spc5r11 */
    bool save = false;
    bool verbose_given = false;
    bool version_given = false;
    int res, c, num, alloc_len, off, pdt, k, md_len, hdr_len, bd_len;
    int mask_in_len;
    int sg_fd = -1;
    int pg_code = -1;
    int sub_pg_code = 0;
    int verbose = 0;
    int read_in_len = 0;
    int ret = 0;
    unsigned u, uu;
    const char * device_name = NULL;
    uint8_t read_in[MX_ALLOC_LEN];
    uint8_t mask_in[MX_ALLOC_LEN];
    uint8_t ref_md[MX_ALLOC_LEN];
    char ebuff[EBUFF_SZ];
    char errStr[128];
    char b[80];
    struct sg_simple_inquiry_resp inq_data;

    while (1) {
        int option_index = 0;

        c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "6c:dfhl:m:p:RsvV", long_options,
                        &option_index);
        if (c == -1)
            break;

        switch (c) {
        case '6':
            mode_6 = true;
            break;
        case 'c':
            memset(read_in, 0, sizeof(read_in));
            if ((ret = build_mode_page(optarg, read_in, &read_in_len,
                                       sizeof(read_in)))) {
                pr2serr("bad argument to '--contents='\n");
                return ret;
            }
            got_contents = true;
            break;
        case 'd':
            dbd = true;
            break;
        case 'f':
            force = true;
            break;
        case 'h':
        case '?':
            usage();
            return 0;
        case 'l':
            num = sscanf(optarg, "%d", &res);
            if ((1 == num) && ((6 == res) || (10 == res)))
                mode_6 = (6 == res);
            else {
                pr2serr("length (of cdb) must be 6 or 10\n");
                return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
            }
            break;
        case 'm':
            memset(mask_in, 0xff, sizeof(mask_in));
            if (0 != build_mask(optarg, mask_in, &mask_in_len,
                                sizeof(mask_in))) {
                pr2serr("bad argument to '--mask'\n");
                return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
            }
            got_mask = true;
            break;
        case 'p':
           if (NULL == strchr(optarg, ',')) {
                num = sscanf(optarg, "%x", &u);
                if ((1 != num) || (u > 62)) {
                    pr2serr("Bad hex page code value after '--page' "
                            "switch\n");
                    return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
                }
                pg_code = u;
            } else if (2 == sscanf(optarg, "%x,%x", &u, &uu)) {
                if (uu > 254) {
                    pr2serr("Bad hex sub page code value after '--page' "
                            "switch\n");
                    return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
                }
                pg_code = u;
                sub_pg_code = uu;
            } else {
                pr2serr("Bad hex page code, subpage code sequence after "
                        "'--page' switch\n");
                return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
            }
            break;
        case 'R':
            rtd = true;
            break;
        case 's':
            save = true;
            break;
        case 'v':
            verbose_given = true;
            ++verbose;
            break;
        case 'V':
            version_given = true;
            break;
        default:
            pr2serr("unrecognised option code 0x%x ??\n", c);
            usage();
            return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
        }
    }
    if (optind < argc) {
        if (NULL == device_name) {
            device_name = argv[optind];
            ++optind;
        }
        if (optind < argc) {
            for (; optind < argc; ++optind)
                pr2serr("Unexpected extra argument: %s\n", argv[optind]);
            usage();
            return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
        }
    }

#ifdef DEBUG
    pr2serr("In DEBUG mode, ");
    if (verbose_given && version_given) {
        pr2serr("but override: '-vV' given, zero verbose and continue\n");
        verbose_given = false;
        version_given = false;
        verbose = 0;
    } else if (! verbose_given) {
        pr2serr("set '-vv'\n");
        verbose = 2;
    } else
        pr2serr("keep verbose=%d\n", verbose);
#else
    if (verbose_given && version_given)
        pr2serr("Not in DEBUG mode, so '-vV' has no special action\n");
#endif
    if (version_given) {
        pr2serr(ME "version: %s\n", version_str);
        return 0;
    }

    if (NULL == device_name) {
        pr2serr("missing device name!\n\n");
        usage();
        return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
    }
    if ((pg_code < 0) && (! rtd)) {
        pr2serr("need page code (see '--page=')\n\n");
        usage();
        return SG_LIB_SYNTAX_ERROR;
    }
    if (got_mask && force) {
        pr2serr("cannot use both '--force' and '--mask'\n\n");
        usage();
        return SG_LIB_CONTRADICT;
    }

    sg_fd = sg_cmds_open_device(device_name, false /* rw */, verbose);
    if (sg_fd < 0) {
        if (verbose)
            pr2serr(ME "open error: %s: %s\n", device_name,
                    safe_strerror(-sg_fd));
        ret = sg_convert_errno(-sg_fd);
        goto fini;
    }
    if (rtd)
        goto revert_to_defaults;

    if (0 == sg_simple_inquiry(sg_fd, &inq_data, false, verbose))
        pdt = inq_data.peripheral_type;
    else
        pdt = PDT_UNKNOWN;

    /* do MODE SENSE to fetch current values */
    memset(ref_md, 0, MX_ALLOC_LEN);
    snprintf(errStr, sizeof(errStr), "MODE SENSE (%d): ", mode_6 ? 6 : 10);
    alloc_len = mode_6 ? SHORT_ALLOC_LEN : MX_ALLOC_LEN;
    if (mode_6)
        res = sg_ll_mode_sense6(sg_fd, dbd, 0 /*current */, pg_code,
                                sub_pg_code, ref_md, alloc_len, true,
                                verbose);
     else
        res = sg_ll_mode_sense10(sg_fd, false /* llbaa */, dbd,
                                 0 /* current */, pg_code, sub_pg_code,
                                 ref_md, alloc_len, true, verbose);
    ret = res;
    if (res) {
        if (SG_LIB_CAT_INVALID_OP == res)
            pr2serr("%snot supported, try '--len=%d'\n", errStr,
                    (mode_6 ? 10 : 6));
        else {
            sg_get_category_sense_str(res, sizeof(b), b, verbose);
            pr2serr("%s%s\n", errStr, b);
        }
        goto fini;
    }
    off = sg_mode_page_offset(ref_md, alloc_len, mode_6, ebuff, EBUFF_SZ);
    if (off < 0) {
        pr2serr("%s%s\n", errStr, ebuff);
        goto fini;
    }
    md_len = sg_msense_calc_length(ref_md, alloc_len, mode_6, &bd_len);
    if (md_len < 0) {
        pr2serr("%ssg_msense_calc_length() failed\n", errStr);
        goto fini;
    }
    hdr_len = mode_6 ? 4 : 8;
    if (got_contents) {
        if (read_in_len < 2) {
            pr2serr("contents length=%d too short\n", read_in_len);
            goto fini;
        }
        ref_md[0] = 0;  /* mode data length reserved for mode select */
        if (! mode_6)
            ref_md[1] = 0;    /* mode data length reserved for mode select */
        if (0 == pdt)   /* for disks mask out DPOFUA bit */
            ref_md[mode_6 ? 2 : 3] &= 0xef;
        if (md_len > alloc_len) {
            pr2serr("mode data length=%d exceeds allocation length=%d\n",
                    md_len, alloc_len);
            goto fini;
        }
        if (got_mask) {
            for (k = 0; k < (md_len - off); ++k) {
                if ((0x0 == mask_in[k]) || (k > read_in_len))
                   read_in[k] = ref_md[off + k];
                else if (mask_in[k] < 0xff) {
                   c = (ref_md[off + k] & (0xff & ~mask_in[k]));
                   read_in[k] = (c | (read_in[k] & mask_in[k]));
                }
            }
            read_in_len = md_len - off;
        }
        if (! force) {
            if ((! (ref_md[off] & 0x80)) && save) {
                pr2serr("PS bit in existing mode page indicates that it is "
                        "not saveable\n    but '--save' option given\n");
                goto fini;
            }
            read_in[0] &= 0x7f; /* mask out PS bit, reserved in mode select */
            if ((md_len - off) != read_in_len) {
                pr2serr("contents length=%d but reference mode page "
                        "length=%d\n", read_in_len, md_len - off);
                goto fini;
            }
            if (pg_code != (read_in[0] & 0x3f)) {
                pr2serr("contents page_code=0x%x but reference "
                        "page_code=0x%x\n", (read_in[0] & 0x3f), pg_code);
                goto fini;
            }
            if ((read_in[0] & 0x40) != (ref_md[off] & 0x40)) {
                pr2serr("contents flags subpage but reference page does not "
                        "(or vice versa)\n");
                goto fini;
            }
            if ((read_in[0] & 0x40) && (read_in[1] != sub_pg_code)) {
                pr2serr("contents subpage_code=0x%x but reference "
                        "sub_page_code=0x%x\n", read_in[1], sub_pg_code);
                goto fini;
            }
        } else
            md_len = off + read_in_len; /* force length */

        memcpy(ref_md + off, read_in, read_in_len);
        if (mode_6)
            res = sg_ll_mode_select6_v2(sg_fd, true /* PF */, rtd, save,
                                        ref_md, md_len, true, verbose);
        else
            res = sg_ll_mode_select10_v2(sg_fd, true /* PF */, rtd, save,
                                         ref_md, md_len, true, verbose);
        ret = res;
        if (res)
            goto fini;
    } else {
        printf(">>> No contents given, so show current mode page data:\n");
        printf("  header:\n");
        hex2stdout(ref_md, hdr_len, -1);
        if (bd_len) {
            printf("  block descriptor(s):\n");
            hex2stdout(ref_md + hdr_len, bd_len, -1);
        } else
            printf("  << no block descriptors >>\n");
        printf("  mode page:\n");
        hex2stdout(ref_md + off, md_len - off, -1);
    }
    ret = 0;
    goto fini;

revert_to_defaults:
    if (verbose)
        pr2serr("Doing MODE SELECT(%d) with revert to defaults (RTD) set "
                "and SP=%d\n", mode_6 ? 6 : 10, !! save);
    if (mode_6)
        res = sg_ll_mode_select6_v2(sg_fd, false /* PF */, true /* rtd */,
                                    save, NULL, 0, true, verbose);
    else
        res = sg_ll_mode_select10_v2(sg_fd, false /* PF */, true /* rtd */,
                                     save, NULL, 0, true, verbose);
    ret = res;
fini:
    if (sg_fd >= 0) {
        res = sg_cmds_close_device(sg_fd);
        if (res < 0) {
            pr2serr("close error: %s\n", safe_strerror(-res));
            if (0 == ret)
                ret = sg_convert_errno(-res);
        }
    }
    if (0 == verbose) {
        if (! sg_if_can2stderr("sg_wr_mode failed: ", ret))
            pr2serr("Some error occurred, try again with '-v' or '-vv' for "
                    "more information\n");
    }
    return (ret >= 0) ? ret : SG_LIB_CAT_OTHER;
}