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// Copyright 2019 The Pigweed Authors
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
// use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
// the License at
//
// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
// WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
// License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
// the License.
#pragma once
// Provides the ToString function, which outputs string representations of
// arbitrary types to a buffer.
//
// ToString returns the number of characters written, excluding the null
// terminator, and a status. A null terminator is always written if the output
// buffer has room.
//
// ToString functions may be defined for any type. This is done by providing a
// ToString template specialization in the pw namespace. The specialization must
// follow ToString's semantics:
//
// 1. Always null terminate if the output buffer has room.
// 2. Return the number of characters written, excluding the null terminator,
// as a StatusWithSize.
// 3. If the buffer is too small to fit the output, return a StatusWithSize
// with the number of characters written and a status of
// RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED. Other status codes may be used for different errors.
//
// For example, providing the following specialization would allow ToString, and
// any classes that use it, to print instances of a custom type:
//
// namespace pw {
//
// template <>
// StatusWithSize ToString<SomeCustomType>(const SomeCustomType& value,
// span<char> buffer) {
// return /* ... implementation ... */;
// }
//
// } // namespace pw
//
// Note that none of the functions in this module use std::snprintf. ToString
// overloads may use snprintf if needed, but the ToString semantics must be
// maintained.
//
// ToString is a low-level function. To write complex objects to string, a
// StringBuilder may be easier to work with. StringBuilder's operator<< may be
// overloaded for custom types.
#include <string_view>
#include <type_traits>
#include "pw_span/span.h"
#include "pw_status/status.h"
#include "pw_status/status_with_size.h"
#include "pw_string/format.h"
#include "pw_string/internal/config.h"
#include "pw_string/type_to_string.h"
namespace pw {
// This function provides string printing numeric types, enums, and anything
// that convertible to a std::string_view, such as std::string.
template <typename T>
StatusWithSize ToString(const T& value, span<char> buffer) {
if constexpr (std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<T>, bool>) {
return string::BoolToString(value, buffer);
} else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<T>, char>) {
return string::Copy(std::string_view(&value, 1), buffer);
} else if constexpr (std::is_integral_v<T>) {
return string::IntToString(value, buffer);
} else if constexpr (std::is_enum_v<T>) {
return string::IntToString(std::underlying_type_t<T>(value), buffer);
} else if constexpr (std::is_floating_point_v<T>) {
if constexpr (string::internal::config::kEnableDecimalFloatExpansion) {
// TODO(hepler): Look into using the float overload of std::to_chars when
// it is available.
return string::Format(buffer, "%.3f", value);
} else {
return string::FloatAsIntToString(value, buffer);
}
} else if constexpr (std::is_convertible_v<T, std::string_view>) {
return string::CopyStringOrNull(value, buffer);
} else if constexpr (std::is_pointer_v<std::remove_cv_t<T>> ||
std::is_null_pointer_v<T>) {
return string::PointerToString(value, buffer);
} else {
// By default, no definition of UnknownTypeToString is provided.
return string::UnknownTypeToString(value, buffer);
}
}
// ToString overloads for Pigweed types. To override ToString for a custom type,
// specialize the ToString template function.
inline StatusWithSize ToString(Status status, span<char> buffer) {
return string::Copy(status.str(), buffer);
}
inline StatusWithSize ToString(pw_Status status, span<char> buffer) {
return ToString(Status(status), buffer);
}
inline StatusWithSize ToString(std::byte byte, span<char> buffer) {
return string::IntToHexString(static_cast<unsigned>(byte), buffer, 2);
}
} // namespace pw
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