[grpc][Gpr_To_Absl_Logging] Migrating from gpr to absl logging GPR_ASSERT (#36453)

[grpc][Gpr_To_Absl_Logging] Migrating from gpr to absl logging GPR_ASSERT
Replacing GPR_ASSERT with absl CHECK.
These changes have been made using string replacement and regex.
Will not be replacing all instances of CHECK with CHECK_EQ , CHECK_NE etc because there are too many callsites. Only ones which are doable using very simple regex with least chance of failure will be replaced.
Given that we have 5000+ instances of GPR_ASSERT to edit, Doing it manually is too much work for both the author and reviewer.

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Closes #36453

COPYBARA_INTEGRATE_REVIEW=https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/36453 from tanvi-jagtap:tjagtap_ruby 54423614546285883f7bc1e07eb31d5b61bfc369
PiperOrigin-RevId: 630293748

33 files changed, 233 insertions, 180 deletions

diff --git a/BUILD b/BUILD
index 576367f892..70c65c68a3 100644
--- a/BUILD
+++ b/BUILD
@@ -1192,7 +1192,10 @@ grpc_cc_library(
     hdrs = [
         "src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.h",
     ],
-    external_deps = ["absl/strings"],
+    external_deps = [
+        "absl/log:check",
+        "absl/strings",
+    ],
     language = "c++",
     deps = [
         "exec_ctx",
@@ -1214,6 +1217,9 @@ grpc_cc_library(
     hdrs = [
         "src/cpp/server/secure_server_credentials.h",
     ],
+    external_deps = [
+        "absl/log:check",
+    ],
     language = "c++",
     public_hdrs = [
         "include/grpcpp/xds_server_builder.h",
@@ -2124,6 +2130,9 @@ grpc_cc_library(
         "src/cpp/server/load_reporter/constants.h",
         "src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_data_store.h",
     ],
+    external_deps = [
+        "absl/log:check",
+    ],
     language = "c++",
     deps = [
         "gpr",
@@ -2182,6 +2191,7 @@ grpc_cc_library(
         "src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter_async_service_impl.h",
     ],
     external_deps = [
+        "absl/log:check",
         "absl/memory",
         "protobuf_headers",
     ],
@@ -2223,6 +2233,7 @@ grpc_cc_library(
         "src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter.h",
     ],
     external_deps = [
+        "absl/log:check",
         "opencensus-stats",
         "opencensus-tags",
         "protobuf_headers",
@@ -2697,6 +2708,7 @@ grpc_cc_library(
     ],
     external_deps = [
         "absl/base:core_headers",
+        "absl/log:check",
         "absl/strings",
         "absl/time",
         "absl/types:optional",
@@ -2855,6 +2867,7 @@ grpc_cc_library(
     external_deps = [
         "absl/base:core_headers",
         "absl/base:endian",
+        "absl/log:check",
         "absl/status",
         "absl/status:statusor",
         "absl/strings",
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/call_credentials.cc b/src/cpp/client/call_credentials.cc
index 22efb17d62..88ccd07ea1 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/call_credentials.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/call_credentials.cc
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
+
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
 
 #include <grpc/support/port_platform.h>
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@ namespace grpc {
 
 CallCredentials::CallCredentials(grpc_call_credentials* c_creds)
     : c_creds_(c_creds) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(c_creds != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(c_creds, nullptr);
 }
 
 CallCredentials::~CallCredentials() { grpc_call_credentials_release(c_creds_); }
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/channel_cc.cc b/src/cpp/client/channel_cc.cc
index 818eedb68f..8b8e37fc9f 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/channel_cc.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/channel_cc.cc
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
+
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
 #include <grpc/impl/connectivity_state.h>
 #include <grpc/slice.h>
@@ -207,7 +209,7 @@ bool Channel::WaitForStateChangeImpl(grpc_connectivity_state last_observed,
   void* tag = nullptr;
   NotifyOnStateChangeImpl(last_observed, deadline, &cq, nullptr);
   cq.Next(&tag, &ok);
-  GPR_ASSERT(tag == nullptr);
+  CHECK_EQ(tag, nullptr);
   return ok;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/client_context.cc b/src/cpp/client/client_context.cc
index b986946e64..76bee4cb6b 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/client_context.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/client_context.cc
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
 
 #include <grpc/compression.h>
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ void ClientContext::AddMetadata(const std::string& meta_key,
 void ClientContext::set_call(grpc_call* call,
                              const std::shared_ptr<Channel>& channel) {
   internal::MutexLock lock(&mu_);
-  GPR_ASSERT(call_ == nullptr);
+  CHECK_EQ(call_, nullptr);
   call_ = call;
   channel_ = channel;
   if (creds_ && !creds_->ApplyToCall(call_)) {
@@ -148,7 +149,7 @@ void ClientContext::set_compression_algorithm(
     grpc_core::Crash(absl::StrFormat(
         "Name for compression algorithm '%d' unknown.", algorithm));
   }
-  GPR_ASSERT(algorithm_name != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(algorithm_name, nullptr);
   AddMetadata(GRPC_COMPRESSION_REQUEST_ALGORITHM_MD_KEY, algorithm_name);
 }
 
@@ -180,9 +181,9 @@ std::string ClientContext::peer() const {
 }
 
 void ClientContext::SetGlobalCallbacks(GlobalCallbacks* client_callbacks) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(g_client_callbacks == g_default_client_callbacks);
-  GPR_ASSERT(client_callbacks != nullptr);
-  GPR_ASSERT(client_callbacks != g_default_client_callbacks);
+  CHECK(g_client_callbacks == g_default_client_callbacks);
+  CHECK_NE(client_callbacks, nullptr);
+  CHECK(client_callbacks != g_default_client_callbacks);
   g_client_callbacks = client_callbacks;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.cc b/src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.cc
index 913378a2ee..3b48e20dcf 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/secure_credentials.cc
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <utility>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "absl/status/status.h"
 #include "absl/status/statusor.h"
 #include "absl/strings/str_join.h"
@@ -362,7 +363,7 @@ class MetadataCredentialsPluginWrapper final : private internal::GrpcLibrary {
       grpc_metadata creds_md[GRPC_METADATA_CREDENTIALS_PLUGIN_SYNC_MAX],
       size_t* num_creds_md, grpc_status_code* status,
       const char** error_details) {
-    GPR_ASSERT(wrapper);
+    CHECK(wrapper);
     MetadataCredentialsPluginWrapper* w =
         static_cast<MetadataCredentialsPluginWrapper*>(wrapper);
     if (!w->plugin_) {
@@ -393,7 +394,7 @@ class MetadataCredentialsPluginWrapper final : private internal::GrpcLibrary {
   }
 
   static char* DebugString(void* wrapper) {
-    GPR_ASSERT(wrapper);
+    CHECK(wrapper);
     MetadataCredentialsPluginWrapper* w =
         static_cast<MetadataCredentialsPluginWrapper*>(wrapper);
     return gpr_strdup(w->plugin_->DebugString().c_str());
diff --git a/src/cpp/client/xds_credentials.cc b/src/cpp/client/xds_credentials.cc
index 43a96108c8..d7878e5cb5 100644
--- a/src/cpp/client/xds_credentials.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/client/xds_credentials.cc
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 #include <memory>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
+
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
 #include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
@@ -30,13 +32,13 @@ class XdsChannelCredentialsImpl final : public ChannelCredentials {
       const std::shared_ptr<ChannelCredentials>& fallback_creds)
       : ChannelCredentials(
             grpc_xds_credentials_create(fallback_creds->c_creds_)) {
-    GPR_ASSERT(fallback_creds->c_creds_ != nullptr);
+    CHECK_NE(fallback_creds->c_creds_, nullptr);
   }
 };
 
 std::shared_ptr<ChannelCredentials> XdsCredentials(
     const std::shared_ptr<ChannelCredentials>& fallback_creds) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(fallback_creds != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(fallback_creds, nullptr);
   return std::make_shared<XdsChannelCredentialsImpl>(fallback_creds);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/alarm.cc b/src/cpp/common/alarm.cc
index f0e7049024..918922eb23 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/alarm.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/common/alarm.cc
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <utility>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "absl/status/status.h"
 
 #include <grpc/event_engine/event_engine.h>
@@ -65,10 +66,10 @@ class AlarmImpl : public grpc::internal::CompletionQueueTag {
     GRPC_CQ_INTERNAL_REF(cq->cq(), "alarm");
     cq_ = cq->cq();
     tag_ = tag;
-    GPR_ASSERT(grpc_cq_begin_op(cq_, this));
+    CHECK(grpc_cq_begin_op(cq_, this));
     Ref();
-    GPR_ASSERT(cq_armed_.exchange(true) == false);
-    GPR_ASSERT(!callback_armed_.load());
+    CHECK(cq_armed_.exchange(true) == false);
+    CHECK(!callback_armed_.load());
     cq_timer_handle_ = event_engine_->RunAfter(
         grpc_core::Timestamp::FromTimespecRoundUp(deadline) -
             grpc_core::ExecCtx::Get()->Now(),
@@ -79,8 +80,8 @@ class AlarmImpl : public grpc::internal::CompletionQueueTag {
     // Don't use any CQ at all. Instead just use the timer to fire the function
     callback_ = std::move(f);
     Ref();
-    GPR_ASSERT(callback_armed_.exchange(true) == false);
-    GPR_ASSERT(!cq_armed_.load());
+    CHECK(callback_armed_.exchange(true) == false);
+    CHECK(!cq_armed_.load());
     callback_timer_handle_ = event_engine_->RunAfter(
         grpc_core::Timestamp::FromTimespecRoundUp(deadline) -
             grpc_core::ExecCtx::Get()->Now(),
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/channel_arguments.cc b/src/cpp/common/channel_arguments.cc
index 60f334ce3c..3eb56c3280 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/channel_arguments.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/common/channel_arguments.cc
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
+
 #include <grpc/impl/channel_arg_names.h>
 #include <grpc/impl/compression_types.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ ChannelArguments::ChannelArguments(const ChannelArguments& other)
   for (const auto& a : other.args_) {
     grpc_arg ap;
     ap.type = a.type;
-    GPR_ASSERT(list_it_src->c_str() == a.key);
+    CHECK(list_it_src->c_str() == a.key);
     ap.key = const_cast<char*>(list_it_dst->c_str());
     ++list_it_src;
     ++list_it_dst;
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ ChannelArguments::ChannelArguments(const ChannelArguments& other)
         ap.value.integer = a.value.integer;
         break;
       case GRPC_ARG_STRING:
-        GPR_ASSERT(list_it_src->c_str() == a.value.string);
+        CHECK(list_it_src->c_str() == a.value.string);
         ap.value.string = const_cast<char*>(list_it_dst->c_str());
         ++list_it_src;
         ++list_it_dst;
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ void ChannelArguments::SetSocketMutator(grpc_socket_mutator* mutator) {
   for (auto& arg : args_) {
     if (arg.type == mutator_arg.type &&
         std::string(arg.key) == std::string(mutator_arg.key)) {
-      GPR_ASSERT(!replaced);
+      CHECK(!replaced);
       arg.value.pointer.vtable->destroy(arg.value.pointer.p);
       arg.value.pointer = mutator_arg.value.pointer;
       replaced = true;
@@ -130,7 +132,7 @@ void ChannelArguments::SetUserAgentPrefix(
     ++strings_it;
     if (arg.type == GRPC_ARG_STRING) {
       if (std::string(arg.key) == GRPC_ARG_PRIMARY_USER_AGENT_STRING) {
-        GPR_ASSERT(arg.value.string == strings_it->c_str());
+        CHECK(arg.value.string == strings_it->c_str());
         *(strings_it) = user_agent_prefix + " " + arg.value.string;
         arg.value.string = const_cast<char*>(strings_it->c_str());
         replaced = true;
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/completion_queue_cc.cc b/src/cpp/common/completion_queue_cc.cc
index cc3af5786b..9c0b7d31bc 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/completion_queue_cc.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/common/completion_queue_cc.cc
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "absl/base/thread_annotations.h"
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
 #include <grpc/support/cpu.h>
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ struct CallbackAlternativeCQ {
                                    gpr_time_from_millis(100, GPR_TIMESPAN)));
                   continue;
                 }
-                GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(ev.type == GRPC_OP_COMPLETE);
+                DCHECK(ev.type == GRPC_OP_COMPLETE);
                 // We can always execute the callback inline rather than
                 // pushing it to another Executor thread because this
                 // thread is definitely running on a background thread, does not
@@ -169,7 +170,7 @@ CompletionQueue::CompletionQueueTLSCache::CompletionQueueTLSCache(
 }
 
 CompletionQueue::CompletionQueueTLSCache::~CompletionQueueTLSCache() {
-  GPR_ASSERT(flushed_);
+  CHECK(flushed_);
 }
 
 bool CompletionQueue::CompletionQueueTLSCache::Flush(void** tag, bool* ok) {
@@ -199,7 +200,7 @@ void CompletionQueue::ReleaseCallbackAlternativeCQ(CompletionQueue* cq)
   (void)cq;
   // This accesses g_callback_alternative_cq without acquiring the mutex
   // but it's considered safe because it just reads the pointer address.
-  GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(cq == g_callback_alternative_cq.cq);
+  DCHECK(cq == g_callback_alternative_cq.cq);
   g_callback_alternative_cq.Unref();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/tls_certificate_provider.cc b/src/cpp/common/tls_certificate_provider.cc
index e978a085be..b94a807bfd 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/tls_certificate_provider.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/common/tls_certificate_provider.cc
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
+
 #include <grpc/credentials.h>
 #include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ namespace experimental {
 StaticDataCertificateProvider::StaticDataCertificateProvider(
     const std::string& root_certificate,
     const std::vector<IdentityKeyCertPair>& identity_key_cert_pairs) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(!root_certificate.empty() || !identity_key_cert_pairs.empty());
+  CHECK(!root_certificate.empty() || !identity_key_cert_pairs.empty());
   grpc_tls_identity_pairs* pairs_core = grpc_tls_identity_pairs_create();
   for (const IdentityKeyCertPair& pair : identity_key_cert_pairs) {
     grpc_tls_identity_pairs_add_pair(pairs_core, pair.private_key.c_str(),
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ StaticDataCertificateProvider::StaticDataCertificateProvider(
   }
   c_provider_ = grpc_tls_certificate_provider_static_data_create(
       root_certificate.c_str(), pairs_core);
-  GPR_ASSERT(c_provider_ != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(c_provider_, nullptr);
 };
 
 StaticDataCertificateProvider::~StaticDataCertificateProvider() {
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ FileWatcherCertificateProvider::FileWatcherCertificateProvider(
   c_provider_ = grpc_tls_certificate_provider_file_watcher_create(
       private_key_path.c_str(), identity_certificate_path.c_str(),
       root_cert_path.c_str(), refresh_interval_sec);
-  GPR_ASSERT(c_provider_ != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(c_provider_, nullptr);
 };
 
 FileWatcherCertificateProvider::~FileWatcherCertificateProvider() {
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/tls_certificate_verifier.cc b/src/cpp/common/tls_certificate_verifier.cc
index 9e717d0714..a642760a4a 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/tls_certificate_verifier.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/common/tls_certificate_verifier.cc
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
+
 #include <grpc/credentials.h>
 #include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
 #include <grpc/status.h>
@@ -39,7 +41,7 @@ namespace experimental {
 TlsCustomVerificationCheckRequest::TlsCustomVerificationCheckRequest(
     grpc_tls_custom_verification_check_request* request)
     : c_request_(request) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(c_request_ != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(c_request_, nullptr);
 }
 
 grpc::string_ref TlsCustomVerificationCheckRequest::target_name() const {
@@ -119,8 +121,8 @@ CertificateVerifier::~CertificateVerifier() {
 bool CertificateVerifier::Verify(TlsCustomVerificationCheckRequest* request,
                                  std::function<void(grpc::Status)> callback,
                                  grpc::Status* sync_status) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(request != nullptr);
-  GPR_ASSERT(request->c_request() != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(request, nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(request->c_request(), nullptr);
   {
     internal::MutexLock lock(&mu_);
     request_map_.emplace(request->c_request(), std::move(callback));
@@ -143,8 +145,8 @@ bool CertificateVerifier::Verify(TlsCustomVerificationCheckRequest* request,
 }
 
 void CertificateVerifier::Cancel(TlsCustomVerificationCheckRequest* request) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(request != nullptr);
-  GPR_ASSERT(request->c_request() != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(request, nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(request->c_request(), nullptr);
   grpc_tls_certificate_verifier_cancel(verifier_, request->c_request());
 }
 
@@ -191,7 +193,7 @@ int ExternalCertificateVerifier::VerifyInCoreExternalVerifier(
     internal::MutexLock lock(&self->mu_);
     auto pair = self->request_map_.emplace(
         request, AsyncRequestState(callback, callback_arg, request));
-    GPR_ASSERT(pair.second);
+    CHECK(pair.second);
     cpp_request = &pair.first->second.cpp_request;
   }
   grpc::Status sync_current_verifier_status;
diff --git a/src/cpp/common/tls_credentials_options.cc b/src/cpp/common/tls_credentials_options.cc
index 77af87b128..ef260b8690 100644
--- a/src/cpp/common/tls_credentials_options.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/common/tls_credentials_options.cc
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
+
 #include <grpc/credentials.h>
 #include <grpc/grpc_crl_provider.h>
 #include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
@@ -104,13 +106,13 @@ void TlsCredentialsOptions::set_certificate_verifier(
 
 void TlsCredentialsOptions::set_min_tls_version(grpc_tls_version tls_version) {
   grpc_tls_credentials_options* options = mutable_c_credentials_options();
-  GPR_ASSERT(options != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(options, nullptr);
   grpc_tls_credentials_options_set_min_tls_version(options, tls_version);
 }
 
 void TlsCredentialsOptions::set_max_tls_version(grpc_tls_version tls_version) {
   grpc_tls_credentials_options* options = mutable_c_credentials_options();
-  GPR_ASSERT(options != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(options, nullptr);
   grpc_tls_credentials_options_set_max_tls_version(options, tls_version);
 }
 
@@ -121,14 +123,14 @@ grpc_tls_credentials_options* TlsCredentialsOptions::c_credentials_options()
 
 void TlsCredentialsOptions::set_check_call_host(bool check_call_host) {
   grpc_tls_credentials_options* options = mutable_c_credentials_options();
-  GPR_ASSERT(options != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(options, nullptr);
   grpc_tls_credentials_options_set_check_call_host(options, check_call_host);
 }
 
 void TlsChannelCredentialsOptions::set_verify_server_certs(
     bool verify_server_certs) {
   grpc_tls_credentials_options* options = mutable_c_credentials_options();
-  GPR_ASSERT(options != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(options, nullptr);
   grpc_tls_credentials_options_set_verify_server_cert(options,
                                                       verify_server_certs);
 }
@@ -136,7 +138,7 @@ void TlsChannelCredentialsOptions::set_verify_server_certs(
 void TlsServerCredentialsOptions::set_cert_request_type(
     grpc_ssl_client_certificate_request_type cert_request_type) {
   grpc_tls_credentials_options* options = mutable_c_credentials_options();
-  GPR_ASSERT(options != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(options, nullptr);
   grpc_tls_credentials_options_set_cert_request_type(options,
                                                      cert_request_type);
 }
@@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ void TlsServerCredentialsOptions::set_cert_request_type(
 void TlsServerCredentialsOptions::set_send_client_ca_list(
     bool send_client_ca_list) {
   grpc_tls_credentials_options* options = mutable_c_credentials_options();
-  GPR_ASSERT(options != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(options, nullptr);
   grpc_tls_credentials_options_set_send_client_ca_list(options,
                                                        send_client_ca_list);
 }
diff --git a/src/cpp/ext/csm/BUILD b/src/cpp/ext/csm/BUILD
index e534f11760..fda0e37dbe 100644
--- a/src/cpp/ext/csm/BUILD
+++ b/src/cpp/ext/csm/BUILD
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ grpc_cc_library(
     ],
     external_deps = [
         "absl/functional:any_invocable",
+        "absl/log:check",
         "absl/status:statusor",
         "absl/strings",
         "absl/types:optional",
diff --git a/src/cpp/ext/csm/metadata_exchange.cc b/src/cpp/ext/csm/metadata_exchange.cc
index b0990e6635..3a457a63d5 100644
--- a/src/cpp/ext/csm/metadata_exchange.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/ext/csm/metadata_exchange.cc
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <unordered_map>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "absl/status/statusor.h"
 #include "absl/strings/escaping.h"
 #include "absl/strings/str_split.h"
@@ -263,7 +264,7 @@ NextFromAttributeList(absl::Span<const RemoteAttribute> attributes,
                       size_t start_index, size_t curr,
                       google_protobuf_Struct* decoded_metadata,
                       upb_Arena* arena) {
-  GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(curr >= start_index);
+  DCHECK_GE(curr, start_index);
   const size_t index = curr - start_index;
   if (index >= attributes.size()) return absl::nullopt;
   const auto& attribute = attributes[index];
diff --git a/src/cpp/ext/filters/census/client_filter.cc b/src/cpp/ext/filters/census/client_filter.cc
index 16131ce8af..b7157f0159 100644
--- a/src/cpp/ext/filters/census/client_filter.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/ext/filters/census/client_filter.cc
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "absl/status/status.h"
 #include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
 #include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
@@ -106,9 +107,8 @@ OpenCensusClientFilter::MakeCallPromise(
               call_context, path != nullptr ? path->Ref() : grpc_core::Slice(),
               grpc_core::GetContext<grpc_core::Arena>(),
               OpenCensusTracingEnabled() && tracing_enabled_);
-  GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(
-      call_context[GRPC_CONTEXT_CALL_TRACER_ANNOTATION_INTERFACE].value ==
-      nullptr);
+  DCHECK(call_context[GRPC_CONTEXT_CALL_TRACER_ANNOTATION_INTERFACE].value ==
+         nullptr);
   call_context[GRPC_CONTEXT_CALL_TRACER_ANNOTATION_INTERFACE].value = tracer;
   call_context[GRPC_CONTEXT_CALL_TRACER_ANNOTATION_INTERFACE].destroy = nullptr;
   return next_promise_factory(std::move(call_args));
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ void OpenCensusCallTracer::RecordApiLatency(absl::Duration api_latency,
 
 CensusContext OpenCensusCallTracer::CreateCensusContextForCallAttempt() {
   if (!tracing_enabled_) return CensusContext(context_.tags());
-  GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(context_.Context().IsValid());
+  DCHECK(context_.Context().IsValid());
   auto context = CensusContext(absl::StrCat("Attempt.", method_),
                                &(context_.Span()), context_.tags());
   grpc::internal::OpenCensusRegistry::Get()
diff --git a/src/cpp/ext/gcp/BUILD b/src/cpp/ext/gcp/BUILD
index e5466a4cdd..a95fe68b71 100644
--- a/src/cpp/ext/gcp/BUILD
+++ b/src/cpp/ext/gcp/BUILD
@@ -156,6 +156,7 @@ grpc_cc_library(
         "absl/base:core_headers",
         "absl/container:flat_hash_map",
         "absl/functional:any_invocable",
+        "absl/log:check",
         "absl/status",
         "absl/status:statusor",
         "absl/types:optional",
diff --git a/src/cpp/ext/gcp/environment_autodetect.cc b/src/cpp/ext/gcp/environment_autodetect.cc
index 35cbb3a108..b4963ffa7e 100644
--- a/src/cpp/ext/gcp/environment_autodetect.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/ext/gcp/environment_autodetect.cc
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <utility>
 
 #include "absl/container/flat_hash_map.h"
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "absl/status/status.h"
 #include "absl/status/statusor.h"
 #include "absl/types/optional.h"
@@ -245,7 +246,7 @@ class EnvironmentAutoDetectHelper
 
   void FetchMetadataServerAttributesAsynchronouslyLocked()
       ABSL_EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(mu_) {
-    GPR_ASSERT(!attributes_to_fetch_.empty());
+    CHECK(!attributes_to_fetch_.empty());
     for (auto& element : attributes_to_fetch_) {
       queries_.push_back(grpc_core::MakeOrphanable<grpc_core::MetadataQuery>(
           element.first, &pollent_,
@@ -330,7 +331,9 @@ EnvironmentAutoDetect* g_autodetect = nullptr;
 }  // namespace
 
 void EnvironmentAutoDetect::Create(std::string project_id) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(g_autodetect == nullptr && !project_id.empty());
+  CHECK_EQ(g_autodetect, nullptr);
+  CHECK(!project_id.empty());
+
   g_autodetect = new EnvironmentAutoDetect(project_id);
 }
 
@@ -338,7 +341,7 @@ EnvironmentAutoDetect& EnvironmentAutoDetect::Get() { return *g_autodetect; }
 
 EnvironmentAutoDetect::EnvironmentAutoDetect(std::string project_id)
     : project_id_(std::move(project_id)) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(!project_id_.empty());
+  CHECK(!project_id_.empty());
 }
 
 void EnvironmentAutoDetect::NotifyOnDone(absl::AnyInvocable<void()> callback) {
diff --git a/src/cpp/ext/otel/BUILD b/src/cpp/ext/otel/BUILD
index 8a1ca1affa..4c108176e7 100644
--- a/src/cpp/ext/otel/BUILD
+++ b/src/cpp/ext/otel/BUILD
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ grpc_cc_library(
         "absl/container:flat_hash_map",
         "absl/container:flat_hash_set",
         "absl/functional:any_invocable",
+        "absl/log:check",
         "absl/status",
         "absl/status:statusor",
         "absl/strings",
diff --git a/src/cpp/ext/otel/key_value_iterable.h b/src/cpp/ext/otel/key_value_iterable.h
index 3488f9c093..48fdb9a62b 100644
--- a/src/cpp/ext/otel/key_value_iterable.h
+++ b/src/cpp/ext/otel/key_value_iterable.h
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 #include <utility>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
 #include "absl/types/optional.h"
 #include "absl/types/span.h"
@@ -101,10 +102,9 @@ class OpenTelemetryPlugin::KeyValueIterable
     }
     // Add per-call optional labels
     if (!optional_labels_.empty()) {
-      GPR_ASSERT(
-          optional_labels_.size() ==
-          static_cast<size_t>(grpc_core::ClientCallTracer::CallAttemptTracer::
-                                  OptionalLabelKey::kSize));
+      CHECK(optional_labels_.size() ==
+            static_cast<size_t>(grpc_core::ClientCallTracer::CallAttemptTracer::
+                                    OptionalLabelKey::kSize));
       for (size_t i = 0; i < optional_labels_.size(); ++i) {
         if (!otel_plugin_->per_call_optional_label_bits_.test(i)) {
           continue;
diff --git a/src/cpp/ext/otel/otel_client_call_tracer.cc b/src/cpp/ext/otel/otel_client_call_tracer.cc
index 9dce3d5b80..f22fcbf992 100644
--- a/src/cpp/ext/otel/otel_client_call_tracer.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/ext/otel/otel_client_call_tracer.cc
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <utility>
 
 #include "absl/functional/any_invocable.h"
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "absl/status/status.h"
 #include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
 #include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
@@ -209,7 +210,7 @@ OpenTelemetryPlugin::ClientCallTracer::CallAttemptTracer::StartNewTcpTrace() {
 
 void OpenTelemetryPlugin::ClientCallTracer::CallAttemptTracer::SetOptionalLabel(
     OptionalLabelKey key, grpc_core::RefCountedStringValue value) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(key < OptionalLabelKey::kSize);
+  CHECK(key < OptionalLabelKey::kSize);
   optional_labels_[static_cast<size_t>(key)] = std::move(value);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/ext/otel/otel_plugin.cc b/src/cpp/ext/otel/otel_plugin.cc
index 5546b21c8a..18e0069a72 100644
--- a/src/cpp/ext/otel/otel_plugin.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/ext/otel/otel_plugin.cc
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <utility>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "opentelemetry/metrics/meter.h"
 #include "opentelemetry/metrics/meter_provider.h"
 #include "opentelemetry/metrics/sync_instruments.h"
@@ -205,7 +206,7 @@ OpenTelemetryPluginBuilderImpl::SetServerSelector(
 OpenTelemetryPluginBuilderImpl& OpenTelemetryPluginBuilderImpl::AddPluginOption(
     std::unique_ptr<InternalOpenTelemetryPluginOption> option) {
   // We allow a limit of 64 plugin options to be registered at this time.
-  GPR_ASSERT(plugin_options_.size() < 64);
+  CHECK_LT(plugin_options_.size(), 64u);
   plugin_options_.push_back(std::move(option));
   return *this;
 }
@@ -275,11 +276,11 @@ void OpenTelemetryPlugin::CallbackMetricReporter::Report(
   auto* callback_gauge_state =
       absl::get_if<std::unique_ptr<CallbackGaugeState<int64_t>>>(
           &instrument_data.instrument);
-  GPR_ASSERT(callback_gauge_state != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(callback_gauge_state, nullptr);
   const auto& descriptor =
       grpc_core::GlobalInstrumentsRegistry::GetInstrumentDescriptor(handle);
-  GPR_ASSERT(descriptor.label_keys.size() == label_values.size());
-  GPR_ASSERT(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() == optional_values.size());
+  CHECK(descriptor.label_keys.size() == label_values.size());
+  CHECK(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() == optional_values.size());
   auto& cell = (*callback_gauge_state)->caches.at(key_);
   std::vector<std::string> key;
   key.reserve(label_values.size() +
@@ -304,11 +305,11 @@ void OpenTelemetryPlugin::CallbackMetricReporter::Report(
   auto* callback_gauge_state =
       absl::get_if<std::unique_ptr<CallbackGaugeState<double>>>(
           &instrument_data.instrument);
-  GPR_ASSERT(callback_gauge_state != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(callback_gauge_state, nullptr);
   const auto& descriptor =
       grpc_core::GlobalInstrumentsRegistry::GetInstrumentDescriptor(handle);
-  GPR_ASSERT(descriptor.label_keys.size() == label_values.size());
-  GPR_ASSERT(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() == optional_values.size());
+  CHECK(descriptor.label_keys.size() == label_values.size());
+  CHECK(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() == optional_values.size());
   auto& cell = (*callback_gauge_state)->caches.at(key_);
   std::vector<std::string> key;
   key.reserve(label_values.size() +
@@ -420,9 +421,9 @@ OpenTelemetryPlugin::OpenTelemetryPlugin(
             "Compressed message bytes received per server call", "By");
   }
   // Store optional label keys for per call metrics
-  GPR_ASSERT(static_cast<size_t>(
-                 grpc_core::ClientCallTracer::CallAttemptTracer::
-                     OptionalLabelKey::kSize) <= kOptionalLabelsSizeLimit);
+  CHECK(static_cast<size_t>(grpc_core::ClientCallTracer::CallAttemptTracer::
+                                OptionalLabelKey::kSize) <=
+        kOptionalLabelsSizeLimit);
   for (const auto& key : optional_label_keys) {
     auto optional_key = OptionalLabelStringToKey(key);
     if (optional_key.has_value()) {
@@ -434,8 +435,8 @@ OpenTelemetryPlugin::OpenTelemetryPlugin(
   grpc_core::GlobalInstrumentsRegistry::ForEach(
       [&, this](const grpc_core::GlobalInstrumentsRegistry::
                     GlobalInstrumentDescriptor& descriptor) {
-        GPR_ASSERT(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() <=
-                   kOptionalLabelsSizeLimit);
+        CHECK(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() <=
+              kOptionalLabelsSizeLimit);
         if (instruments_data_.size() < descriptor.index + 1) {
           instruments_data_.resize(descriptor.index + 1);
         }
@@ -590,13 +591,13 @@ void OpenTelemetryPlugin::AddCounter(
     // This instrument is disabled.
     return;
   }
-  GPR_ASSERT(absl::holds_alternative<
-             std::unique_ptr<opentelemetry::metrics::Counter<uint64_t>>>(
+  CHECK(absl::holds_alternative<
+        std::unique_ptr<opentelemetry::metrics::Counter<uint64_t>>>(
       instrument_data.instrument));
   const auto& descriptor =
       grpc_core::GlobalInstrumentsRegistry::GetInstrumentDescriptor(handle);
-  GPR_ASSERT(descriptor.label_keys.size() == label_values.size());
-  GPR_ASSERT(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() == optional_values.size());
+  CHECK(descriptor.label_keys.size() == label_values.size());
+  CHECK(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() == optional_values.size());
   absl::get<std::unique_ptr<opentelemetry::metrics::Counter<uint64_t>>>(
       instrument_data.instrument)
       ->Add(value, NPCMetricsKeyValueIterable(
@@ -614,13 +615,13 @@ void OpenTelemetryPlugin::AddCounter(
     // This instrument is disabled.
     return;
   }
-  GPR_ASSERT(absl::holds_alternative<
-             std::unique_ptr<opentelemetry::metrics::Counter<double>>>(
+  CHECK(absl::holds_alternative<
+        std::unique_ptr<opentelemetry::metrics::Counter<double>>>(
       instrument_data.instrument));
   const auto& descriptor =
       grpc_core::GlobalInstrumentsRegistry::GetInstrumentDescriptor(handle);
-  GPR_ASSERT(descriptor.label_keys.size() == label_values.size());
-  GPR_ASSERT(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() == optional_values.size());
+  CHECK(descriptor.label_keys.size() == label_values.size());
+  CHECK(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() == optional_values.size());
   absl::get<std::unique_ptr<opentelemetry::metrics::Counter<double>>>(
       instrument_data.instrument)
       ->Add(value, NPCMetricsKeyValueIterable(
@@ -638,13 +639,13 @@ void OpenTelemetryPlugin::RecordHistogram(
     // This instrument is disabled.
     return;
   }
-  GPR_ASSERT(absl::holds_alternative<
-             std::unique_ptr<opentelemetry::metrics::Histogram<uint64_t>>>(
+  CHECK(absl::holds_alternative<
+        std::unique_ptr<opentelemetry::metrics::Histogram<uint64_t>>>(
       instrument_data.instrument));
   const auto& descriptor =
       grpc_core::GlobalInstrumentsRegistry::GetInstrumentDescriptor(handle);
-  GPR_ASSERT(descriptor.label_keys.size() == label_values.size());
-  GPR_ASSERT(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() == optional_values.size());
+  CHECK(descriptor.label_keys.size() == label_values.size());
+  CHECK(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() == optional_values.size());
   absl::get<std::unique_ptr<opentelemetry::metrics::Histogram<uint64_t>>>(
       instrument_data.instrument)
       ->Record(value,
@@ -664,13 +665,13 @@ void OpenTelemetryPlugin::RecordHistogram(
     // This instrument is disabled.
     return;
   }
-  GPR_ASSERT(absl::holds_alternative<
-             std::unique_ptr<opentelemetry::metrics::Histogram<double>>>(
+  CHECK(absl::holds_alternative<
+        std::unique_ptr<opentelemetry::metrics::Histogram<double>>>(
       instrument_data.instrument));
   const auto& descriptor =
       grpc_core::GlobalInstrumentsRegistry::GetInstrumentDescriptor(handle);
-  GPR_ASSERT(descriptor.label_keys.size() == label_values.size());
-  GPR_ASSERT(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() == optional_values.size());
+  CHECK(descriptor.label_keys.size() == label_values.size());
+  CHECK(descriptor.optional_label_keys.size() == optional_values.size());
   absl::get<std::unique_ptr<opentelemetry::metrics::Histogram<double>>>(
       instrument_data.instrument)
       ->Record(value,
@@ -702,7 +703,7 @@ void OpenTelemetryPlugin::AddCallback(
             auto* callback_gauge_state =
                 absl::get_if<std::unique_ptr<CallbackGaugeState<int64_t>>>(
                     &instrument_data.instrument);
-            GPR_ASSERT(callback_gauge_state != nullptr);
+            CHECK_NE(callback_gauge_state, nullptr);
             (*callback_gauge_state)
                 ->caches.emplace(callback,
                                  CallbackGaugeState<int64_t>::Cache{});
@@ -722,7 +723,7 @@ void OpenTelemetryPlugin::AddCallback(
             auto* callback_gauge_state =
                 absl::get_if<std::unique_ptr<CallbackGaugeState<double>>>(
                     &instrument_data.instrument);
-            GPR_ASSERT(callback_gauge_state != nullptr);
+            CHECK_NE(callback_gauge_state, nullptr);
             (*callback_gauge_state)
                 ->caches.emplace(callback, CallbackGaugeState<double>::Cache{});
             if (!std::exchange((*callback_gauge_state)->ot_callback_registered,
@@ -770,9 +771,9 @@ void OpenTelemetryPlugin::RemoveCallback(
             auto* callback_gauge_state =
                 absl::get_if<std::unique_ptr<CallbackGaugeState<int64_t>>>(
                     &instrument_data.instrument);
-            GPR_ASSERT(callback_gauge_state != nullptr);
-            GPR_ASSERT((*callback_gauge_state)->ot_callback_registered);
-            GPR_ASSERT((*callback_gauge_state)->caches.erase(callback) == 1);
+            CHECK_NE(callback_gauge_state, nullptr);
+            CHECK((*callback_gauge_state)->ot_callback_registered);
+            CHECK_EQ((*callback_gauge_state)->caches.erase(callback), 1u);
             if ((*callback_gauge_state)->caches.empty()) {
               gauges_that_need_to_remove_callback.push_back(
                   callback_gauge_state->get());
@@ -789,9 +790,9 @@ void OpenTelemetryPlugin::RemoveCallback(
             auto* callback_gauge_state =
                 absl::get_if<std::unique_ptr<CallbackGaugeState<double>>>(
                     &instrument_data.instrument);
-            GPR_ASSERT(callback_gauge_state != nullptr);
-            GPR_ASSERT((*callback_gauge_state)->ot_callback_registered);
-            GPR_ASSERT((*callback_gauge_state)->caches.erase(callback) == 1);
+            CHECK_NE(callback_gauge_state, nullptr);
+            CHECK((*callback_gauge_state)->ot_callback_registered);
+            CHECK_EQ((*callback_gauge_state)->caches.erase(callback), 1u);
             if ((*callback_gauge_state)->caches.empty()) {
               gauges_that_need_to_remove_callback.push_back(
                   callback_gauge_state->get());
@@ -822,8 +823,8 @@ void OpenTelemetryPlugin::CallbackGaugeState<ValueType>::Observe(
   const auto& descriptor =
       grpc_core::GlobalInstrumentsRegistry::GetInstrumentDescriptor({id});
   for (const auto& pair : cache) {
-    GPR_ASSERT(pair.first.size() <= (descriptor.label_keys.size() +
-                                     descriptor.optional_label_keys.size()));
+    CHECK(pair.first.size() <= (descriptor.label_keys.size() +
+                                descriptor.optional_label_keys.size()));
     auto& instrument_data = ot_plugin->instruments_data_.at(id);
     opentelemetry::nostd::get<opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<
         opentelemetry::metrics::ObserverResultT<ValueType>>>(result)
@@ -852,8 +853,7 @@ void OpenTelemetryPlugin::CallbackGaugeState<ValueType>::CallbackGaugeCallback(
     auto* registered_metric_callback = elem.first;
     auto iter = callback_gauge_state->ot_plugin->callback_timestamps_.find(
         registered_metric_callback);
-    GPR_ASSERT(iter !=
-               callback_gauge_state->ot_plugin->callback_timestamps_.end());
+    CHECK(iter != callback_gauge_state->ot_plugin->callback_timestamps_.end());
     if (now - iter->second < registered_metric_callback->min_interval()) {
       // Use cached value.
       callback_gauge_state->Observe(result, elem.second);
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/external_connection_acceptor_impl.cc b/src/cpp/server/external_connection_acceptor_impl.cc
index 9f156e9495..2237ac8813 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/external_connection_acceptor_impl.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/external_connection_acceptor_impl.cc
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <utility>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
+
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 #include <grpcpp/server_builder.h>
 #include <grpcpp/support/byte_buffer.h>
@@ -49,14 +51,14 @@ ExternalConnectionAcceptorImpl::ExternalConnectionAcceptorImpl(
     ServerBuilder::experimental_type::ExternalConnectionType type,
     std::shared_ptr<ServerCredentials> creds)
     : name_(name), creds_(std::move(creds)) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(type ==
-             ServerBuilder::experimental_type::ExternalConnectionType::FROM_FD);
+  CHECK(type ==
+        ServerBuilder::experimental_type::ExternalConnectionType::FROM_FD);
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<experimental::ExternalConnectionAcceptor>
 ExternalConnectionAcceptorImpl::GetAcceptor() {
   grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&mu_);
-  GPR_ASSERT(!has_acceptor_);
+  CHECK(!has_acceptor_);
   has_acceptor_ = true;
   return std::unique_ptr<experimental::ExternalConnectionAcceptor>(
       new AcceptorWrapper(shared_from_this()));
@@ -85,9 +87,9 @@ void ExternalConnectionAcceptorImpl::Shutdown() {
 
 void ExternalConnectionAcceptorImpl::Start() {
   grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&mu_);
-  GPR_ASSERT(!started_);
-  GPR_ASSERT(has_acceptor_);
-  GPR_ASSERT(!shutdown_);
+  CHECK(!started_);
+  CHECK(has_acceptor_);
+  CHECK(!shutdown_);
   started_ = true;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/health/default_health_check_service.cc b/src/cpp/server/health/default_health_check_service.cc
index 685317d633..fc0b59c529 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/health/default_health_check_service.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/health/default_health_check_service.cc
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <utility>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "upb/base/string_view.h"
 #include "upb/mem/arena.hpp"
 
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ void DefaultHealthCheckService::UnregisterWatch(
 
 DefaultHealthCheckService::HealthCheckServiceImpl*
 DefaultHealthCheckService::GetHealthCheckService() {
-  GPR_ASSERT(impl_ == nullptr);
+  CHECK(impl_ == nullptr);
   impl_ = std::make_unique<HealthCheckServiceImpl>(this);
   return impl_.get();
 }
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_data_store.cc b/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_data_store.cc
index 65453bcf16..0f7acfbded 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_data_store.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_data_store.cc
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 #include <set>
 #include <unordered_map>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
+
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 #include <grpc/support/port_platform.h>
 
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ std::set<V> UnorderedMapOfSetExtract(std::unordered_map<K, std::set<V>>& map,
 // From a non-empty container, returns a pointer to a random element.
 template <typename C>
 const typename C::value_type* RandomElement(const C& container) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(!container.empty());
+  CHECK(!container.empty());
   auto it = container.begin();
   std::advance(it, std::rand() % container.size());
   return &(*it);
@@ -85,12 +87,12 @@ const typename C::value_type* RandomElement(const C& container) {
 LoadRecordKey::LoadRecordKey(const std::string& client_ip_and_token,
                              std::string user_id)
     : user_id_(std::move(user_id)) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(client_ip_and_token.size() >= 2);
+  CHECK_GE(client_ip_and_token.size(), 2u);
   int ip_hex_size;
-  GPR_ASSERT(sscanf(client_ip_and_token.substr(0, 2).c_str(), "%d",
-                    &ip_hex_size) == 1);
-  GPR_ASSERT(ip_hex_size == 0 || ip_hex_size == kIpv4AddressLength ||
-             ip_hex_size == kIpv6AddressLength);
+  CHECK(sscanf(client_ip_and_token.substr(0, 2).c_str(), "%d", &ip_hex_size) ==
+        1);
+  CHECK(ip_hex_size == 0 || ip_hex_size == kIpv4AddressLength ||
+        ip_hex_size == kIpv6AddressLength);
   size_t cur_pos = 2;
   client_ip_hex_ = client_ip_and_token.substr(cur_pos, ip_hex_size);
   cur_pos += ip_hex_size;
@@ -159,9 +161,9 @@ void PerBalancerStore::MergeRow(const LoadRecordKey& key,
   // We always keep track of num_calls_in_progress_, so that when this
   // store is resumed, we still have a correct value of
   // num_calls_in_progress_.
-  GPR_ASSERT(static_cast<int64_t>(num_calls_in_progress_) +
-                 value.GetNumCallsInProgressDelta() >=
-             0);
+  CHECK(static_cast<int64_t>(num_calls_in_progress_) +
+            value.GetNumCallsInProgressDelta() >=
+        0);
   num_calls_in_progress_ += value.GetNumCallsInProgressDelta();
 }
 
@@ -177,14 +179,14 @@ void PerBalancerStore::Resume() {
 }
 
 uint64_t PerBalancerStore::GetNumCallsInProgressForReport() {
-  GPR_ASSERT(!suspended_);
+  CHECK(!suspended_);
   last_reported_num_calls_in_progress_ = num_calls_in_progress_;
   return num_calls_in_progress_;
 }
 
 void PerHostStore::ReportStreamCreated(const std::string& lb_id,
                                        const std::string& load_key) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(lb_id != kInvalidLbId);
+  CHECK(lb_id != kInvalidLbId);
   SetUpForNewLbId(lb_id, load_key);
   // Prior to this one, there was no load balancer receiving report, so we may
   // have unassigned orphaned stores to assign to this new balancer.
@@ -210,11 +212,11 @@ void PerHostStore::ReportStreamCreated(const std::string& lb_id,
 
 void PerHostStore::ReportStreamClosed(const std::string& lb_id) {
   auto it_store_for_gone_lb = per_balancer_stores_.find(lb_id);
-  GPR_ASSERT(it_store_for_gone_lb != per_balancer_stores_.end());
+  CHECK(it_store_for_gone_lb != per_balancer_stores_.end());
   // Remove this closed stream from our records.
-  GPR_ASSERT(UnorderedMapOfSetEraseKeyValue(
-      load_key_to_receiving_lb_ids_, it_store_for_gone_lb->second->load_key(),
-      lb_id));
+  CHECK(UnorderedMapOfSetEraseKeyValue(load_key_to_receiving_lb_ids_,
+                                       it_store_for_gone_lb->second->load_key(),
+                                       lb_id));
   std::set<PerBalancerStore*> orphaned_stores =
       UnorderedMapOfSetExtract(assigned_stores_, lb_id);
   // The stores that were assigned to this balancer are orphaned now. They
@@ -256,7 +258,7 @@ const std::set<PerBalancerStore*>* PerHostStore::GetAssignedStores(
 void PerHostStore::AssignOrphanedStore(PerBalancerStore* orphaned_store,
                                        const std::string& new_receiver) {
   auto it = assigned_stores_.find(new_receiver);
-  GPR_ASSERT(it != assigned_stores_.end());
+  CHECK(it != assigned_stores_.end());
   it->second.insert(orphaned_store);
   gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
           "[PerHostStore %p] Re-assigned orphaned store (%p) with original LB"
@@ -269,8 +271,8 @@ void PerHostStore::SetUpForNewLbId(const std::string& lb_id,
                                    const std::string& load_key) {
   // The top-level caller (i.e., LoadReportService) should guarantee the
   // lb_id is unique for each reporting stream.
-  GPR_ASSERT(per_balancer_stores_.find(lb_id) == per_balancer_stores_.end());
-  GPR_ASSERT(assigned_stores_.find(lb_id) == assigned_stores_.end());
+  CHECK(per_balancer_stores_.find(lb_id) == per_balancer_stores_.end());
+  CHECK(assigned_stores_.find(lb_id) == assigned_stores_.end());
   load_key_to_receiving_lb_ids_[load_key].insert(lb_id);
   std::unique_ptr<PerBalancerStore> per_balancer_store(
       new PerBalancerStore(lb_id, load_key));
@@ -335,7 +337,7 @@ void LoadDataStore::ReportStreamCreated(const std::string& hostname,
 void LoadDataStore::ReportStreamClosed(const std::string& hostname,
                                        const std::string& lb_id) {
   auto it_per_host_store = per_host_stores_.find(hostname);
-  GPR_ASSERT(it_per_host_store != per_host_stores_.end());
+  CHECK(it_per_host_store != per_host_stores_.end());
   it_per_host_store->second.ReportStreamClosed(lb_id);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter.cc b/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter.cc
index 4ce743bcc9..9a0e2a875e 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter.cc
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <set>
 #include <tuple>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "opencensus/tags/tag_key.h"
 
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
@@ -168,11 +169,10 @@ double CensusViewProvider::GetRelatedViewDataRowDouble(
     const ViewDataMap& view_data_map, const char* view_name,
     size_t view_name_len, const std::vector<std::string>& tag_values) {
   auto it_vd = view_data_map.find(std::string(view_name, view_name_len));
-  GPR_ASSERT(it_vd != view_data_map.end());
-  GPR_ASSERT(it_vd->second.type() ==
-             ::opencensus::stats::ViewData::Type::kDouble);
+  CHECK(it_vd != view_data_map.end());
+  CHECK(it_vd->second.type() == ::opencensus::stats::ViewData::Type::kDouble);
   auto it_row = it_vd->second.double_data().find(tag_values);
-  GPR_ASSERT(it_row != it_vd->second.double_data().end());
+  CHECK(it_row != it_vd->second.double_data().end());
   return it_row->second;
 }
 
@@ -180,12 +180,11 @@ uint64_t CensusViewProvider::GetRelatedViewDataRowInt(
     const ViewDataMap& view_data_map, const char* view_name,
     size_t view_name_len, const std::vector<std::string>& tag_values) {
   auto it_vd = view_data_map.find(std::string(view_name, view_name_len));
-  GPR_ASSERT(it_vd != view_data_map.end());
-  GPR_ASSERT(it_vd->second.type() ==
-             ::opencensus::stats::ViewData::Type::kInt64);
+  CHECK(it_vd != view_data_map.end());
+  CHECK(it_vd->second.type() == ::opencensus::stats::ViewData::Type::kInt64);
   auto it_row = it_vd->second.int_data().find(tag_values);
-  GPR_ASSERT(it_row != it_vd->second.int_data().end());
-  GPR_ASSERT(it_row->second >= 0);
+  CHECK(it_row != it_vd->second.int_data().end());
+  CHECK_GE(it_row->second, 0);
   return it_row->second;
 }
 
@@ -230,7 +229,7 @@ std::string LoadReporter::GenerateLbId() {
     }
     int64_t lb_id = next_lb_id_++;
     // Overflow should never happen.
-    GPR_ASSERT(lb_id >= 0);
+    CHECK_GE(lb_id, 0);
     // Convert to padded hex string for a 32-bit LB ID. E.g, "0000ca5b".
     char buf[kLbIdLength + 1];
     snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%08" PRIx64, lb_id);
@@ -299,11 +298,11 @@ LoadReporter::GenerateLoads(const std::string& hostname,
                             const std::string& lb_id) {
   grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&store_mu_);
   auto assigned_stores = load_data_store_.GetAssignedStores(hostname, lb_id);
-  GPR_ASSERT(assigned_stores != nullptr);
-  GPR_ASSERT(!assigned_stores->empty());
+  CHECK_NE(assigned_stores, nullptr);
+  CHECK(!assigned_stores->empty());
   ::google::protobuf::RepeatedPtrField<grpc::lb::v1::Load> loads;
   for (PerBalancerStore* per_balancer_store : *assigned_stores) {
-    GPR_ASSERT(!per_balancer_store->IsSuspended());
+    CHECK(!per_balancer_store->IsSuspended());
     if (!per_balancer_store->load_record_map().empty()) {
       for (const auto& p : per_balancer_store->load_record_map()) {
         const auto& key = p.first;
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter_async_service_impl.cc b/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter_async_service_impl.cc
index faf3ed0690..f4d20b1376 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter_async_service_impl.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter_async_service_impl.cc
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 
 #include <google/protobuf/repeated_ptr_field.h>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
+
 #include <grpc/support/port_platform.h>
 #include <grpc/support/time.h>
 #include <grpcpp/support/status.h>
@@ -34,8 +36,8 @@ namespace grpc {
 namespace load_reporter {
 
 void LoadReporterAsyncServiceImpl::CallableTag::Run(bool ok) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(handler_function_ != nullptr);
-  GPR_ASSERT(handler_ != nullptr);
+  CHECK(handler_function_ != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(handler_, nullptr);
   handler_function_(std::move(handler_), ok);
 }
 
@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ void LoadReporterAsyncServiceImpl::Work(void* arg) {
   while (true) {
     if (!service->cq_->Next(&tag, &ok)) {
       // The completion queue is shutting down.
-      GPR_ASSERT(service->shutdown_);
+      CHECK(service->shutdown_);
       break;
     }
     if (tag == service) {
@@ -164,7 +166,7 @@ void LoadReporterAsyncServiceImpl::ReportLoadHandler::OnRequestDelivered(
     // tag will not pop out if the call never starts (
     // https://github.com/grpc/grpc/issues/10136). So we need to manually
     // release the ownership of the handler in this case.
-    GPR_ASSERT(on_done_notified_.ReleaseHandler() != nullptr);
+    CHECK_NE(on_done_notified_.ReleaseHandler(), nullptr);
   }
   if (!ok || shutdown_) {
     // The value of ok being false means that the server is shutting down.
@@ -325,7 +327,7 @@ void LoadReporterAsyncServiceImpl::ReportLoadHandler::SendReport(
 
 void LoadReporterAsyncServiceImpl::ReportLoadHandler::OnDoneNotified(
     std::shared_ptr<ReportLoadHandler> self, bool ok) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(ok);
+  CHECK(ok);
   done_notified_ = true;
   if (ctx_.IsCancelled()) {
     is_cancelled_ = true;
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter_async_service_impl.h b/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter_async_service_impl.h
index 8567652004..c348e918e5 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter_async_service_impl.h
+++ b/src/cpp/server/load_reporter/load_reporter_async_service_impl.h
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
+
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 #include <grpc/support/port_platform.h>
 #include <grpcpp/alarm.h>
@@ -81,8 +83,8 @@ class LoadReporterAsyncServiceImpl
     CallableTag(HandlerFunction func,
                 std::shared_ptr<ReportLoadHandler> handler)
         : handler_function_(std::move(func)), handler_(std::move(handler)) {
-      GPR_ASSERT(handler_function_ != nullptr);
-      GPR_ASSERT(handler_ != nullptr);
+      CHECK(handler_function_ != nullptr);
+      CHECK_NE(handler_, nullptr);
     }
 
     // Runs the tag. This should be called only once. The handler is no longer
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/orca/orca_service.cc b/src/cpp/server/orca/orca_service.cc
index f139a95887..05a86fdfd0 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/orca/orca_service.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/orca/orca_service.cc
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <utility>
 
 #include "absl/base/thread_annotations.h"
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
 #include "absl/time/time.h"
 #include "absl/types/optional.h"
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ class OrcaService::Reactor : public ServerWriteReactor<ByteBuffer>,
         engine_(grpc_event_engine::experimental::GetDefaultEventEngine()) {
     // Get slice from request.
     Slice slice;
-    GPR_ASSERT(request_buffer->DumpToSingleSlice(&slice).ok());
+    CHECK(request_buffer->DumpToSingleSlice(&slice).ok());
     // Parse request proto.
     upb::Arena arena;
     xds_service_orca_v3_OrcaLoadReportRequest* request =
@@ -173,7 +174,7 @@ OrcaService::OrcaService(ServerMetricRecorder* const server_metric_recorder,
                          Options options)
     : server_metric_recorder_(server_metric_recorder),
       min_report_duration_(options.min_report_duration) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(server_metric_recorder_ != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(server_metric_recorder_, nullptr);
   AddMethod(new internal::RpcServiceMethod(
       "/xds.service.orca.v3.OpenRcaService/StreamCoreMetrics",
       internal::RpcMethod::SERVER_STREAMING, /*handler=*/nullptr));
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/server_builder.cc b/src/cpp/server/server_builder.cc
index 8b5cf99cd8..b9f7191598 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/server_builder.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/server_builder.cc
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
+
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
 #include <grpc/impl/channel_arg_names.h>
 #include <grpc/impl/compression_types.h>
@@ -188,7 +190,7 @@ void ServerBuilder::experimental_type::SetAuthorizationPolicyProvider(
 void ServerBuilder::experimental_type::EnableCallMetricRecording(
     experimental::ServerMetricRecorder* server_metric_recorder) {
   builder_->AddChannelArgument(GRPC_ARG_SERVER_CALL_METRIC_RECORDING, 1);
-  GPR_ASSERT(builder_->server_metric_recorder_ == nullptr);
+  CHECK_EQ(builder_->server_metric_recorder_, nullptr);
   builder_->server_metric_recorder_ = server_metric_recorder;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/server_cc.cc b/src/cpp/server/server_cc.cc
index 61a2a6926b..ff3c3c7bdb 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/server_cc.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/server_cc.cc
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "absl/status/status.h"
 
 #include <grpc/byte_buffer.h>
@@ -239,11 +240,10 @@ void ServerInterface::RegisteredAsyncRequest::IssueRequest(
     ServerCompletionQueue* notification_cq) {
   // The following call_start_batch is internally-generated so no need for an
   // explanatory log on failure.
-  GPR_ASSERT(grpc_server_request_registered_call(
-                 server_->server(), registered_method, &call_,
-                 &context_->deadline_, context_->client_metadata_.arr(),
-                 payload, call_cq_->cq(), notification_cq->cq(),
-                 this) == GRPC_CALL_OK);
+  CHECK(grpc_server_request_registered_call(
+            server_->server(), registered_method, &call_, &context_->deadline_,
+            context_->client_metadata_.arr(), payload, call_cq_->cq(),
+            notification_cq->cq(), this) == GRPC_CALL_OK);
 }
 
 ServerInterface::GenericAsyncRequest::GenericAsyncRequest(
@@ -254,8 +254,8 @@ ServerInterface::GenericAsyncRequest::GenericAsyncRequest(
     : BaseAsyncRequest(server, context, stream, call_cq, notification_cq, tag,
                        delete_on_finalize) {
   grpc_call_details_init(&call_details_);
-  GPR_ASSERT(notification_cq);
-  GPR_ASSERT(call_cq);
+  CHECK(notification_cq);
+  CHECK(call_cq);
   if (issue_request) {
     IssueRequest();
   }
@@ -289,10 +289,10 @@ bool ServerInterface::GenericAsyncRequest::FinalizeResult(void** tag,
 void ServerInterface::GenericAsyncRequest::IssueRequest() {
   // The following call_start_batch is internally-generated so no need for an
   // explanatory log on failure.
-  GPR_ASSERT(grpc_server_request_call(server_->server(), &call_, &call_details_,
-                                      context_->client_metadata_.arr(),
-                                      call_cq_->cq(), notification_cq_->cq(),
-                                      this) == GRPC_CALL_OK);
+  CHECK(grpc_server_request_call(server_->server(), &call_, &call_details_,
+                                 context_->client_metadata_.arr(),
+                                 call_cq_->cq(), notification_cq_->cq(),
+                                 this) == GRPC_CALL_OK);
 }
 
 namespace {
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ class Server::SyncRequest final : public grpc::internal::CompletionQueueTag {
 
     // Ensure the cq_ is shutdown
     grpc::PhonyTag ignored_tag;
-    GPR_ASSERT(cq_.Pluck(&ignored_tag) == false);
+    CHECK(cq_.Pluck(&ignored_tag) == false);
 
     // Cleanup structures allocated during Run/ContinueRunAfterInterception
     wrapped_call_.Destroy();
@@ -642,8 +642,8 @@ class Server::CallbackRequest final
     void Run(bool ok) {
       void* ignored = req_;
       bool new_ok = ok;
-      GPR_ASSERT(!req_->FinalizeResult(&ignored, &new_ok));
-      GPR_ASSERT(ignored == req_);
+      CHECK(!req_->FinalizeResult(&ignored, &new_ok));
+      CHECK(ignored == req_);
 
       if (!ok) {
         // The call has been shutdown.
@@ -824,8 +824,8 @@ class Server::SyncRequestThreadManager : public grpc::ThreadManager {
 
     // Under the AllocatingRequestMatcher model we will never see an invalid tag
     // here.
-    GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(sync_req != nullptr);
-    GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(ok);
+    DCHECK_NE(sync_req, nullptr);
+    DCHECK(ok);
 
     sync_req->Run(global_callbacks_, resources);
   }
@@ -997,8 +997,8 @@ Server::~Server() {
 }
 
 void Server::SetGlobalCallbacks(GlobalCallbacks* callbacks) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(!grpc::g_callbacks);
-  GPR_ASSERT(callbacks);
+  CHECK(!grpc::g_callbacks);
+  CHECK(callbacks);
   grpc::g_callbacks.reset(callbacks);
 }
 
@@ -1042,8 +1042,8 @@ static grpc_server_register_method_payload_handling PayloadHandlingForMethod(
 bool Server::RegisterService(const std::string* addr, grpc::Service* service) {
   bool has_async_methods = service->has_async_methods();
   if (has_async_methods) {
-    GPR_ASSERT(service->server_ == nullptr &&
-               "Can only register an asynchronous service against one server.");
+    CHECK_EQ(service->server_, nullptr)
+        << "Can only register an asynchronous service against one server.";
     service->server_ = this;
   }
 
@@ -1100,17 +1100,16 @@ bool Server::RegisterService(const std::string* addr, grpc::Service* service) {
 }
 
 void Server::RegisterAsyncGenericService(grpc::AsyncGenericService* service) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(service->server_ == nullptr &&
-             "Can only register an async generic service against one server.");
+  CHECK_EQ(service->server_, nullptr)
+      << "Can only register an async generic service against one server.";
   service->server_ = this;
   has_async_generic_service_ = true;
 }
 
 void Server::RegisterCallbackGenericService(
     grpc::CallbackGenericService* service) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(
-      service->server_ == nullptr &&
-      "Can only register a callback generic service against one server.");
+  CHECK_EQ(service->server_, nullptr)
+      << "Can only register a callback generic service against one server.";
   service->server_ = this;
   has_callback_generic_service_ = true;
   generic_handler_.reset(service->Handler());
@@ -1126,7 +1125,7 @@ void Server::RegisterCallbackGenericService(
 
 int Server::AddListeningPort(const std::string& addr,
                              grpc::ServerCredentials* creds) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(!started_);
+  CHECK(!started_);
   int port = creds->AddPortToServer(addr, server_);
   global_callbacks_->AddPort(this, addr, creds, port);
   return port;
@@ -1142,7 +1141,7 @@ void Server::UnrefWithPossibleNotify() {
     // No refs outstanding means that shutdown has been initiated and no more
     // callback requests are outstanding.
     grpc::internal::MutexLock lock(&mu_);
-    GPR_ASSERT(shutdown_);
+    CHECK(shutdown_);
     shutdown_done_ = true;
     shutdown_done_cv_.Signal();
   }
@@ -1160,7 +1159,7 @@ void Server::UnrefAndWaitLocked() {
 }
 
 void Server::Start(grpc::ServerCompletionQueue** cqs, size_t num_cqs) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(!started_);
+  CHECK(!started_);
   global_callbacks_->PreServerStart(this);
   started_ = true;
 
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/server_context.cc b/src/cpp/server/server_context.cc
index 41dfcf7d6a..a5eae9ac62 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/server_context.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/server_context.cc
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
 #include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
 
@@ -155,8 +156,8 @@ class ServerContextBase::CompletionOp final
       return;
     }
     // Start a phony op so that we can return the tag
-    GPR_ASSERT(grpc_call_start_batch(call_.call(), nullptr, 0, core_cq_tag_,
-                                     nullptr) == GRPC_CALL_OK);
+    CHECK(grpc_call_start_batch(call_.call(), nullptr, 0, core_cq_tag_,
+                                nullptr) == GRPC_CALL_OK);
   }
 
  private:
@@ -197,8 +198,8 @@ void ServerContextBase::CompletionOp::FillOps(internal::Call* call) {
   interceptor_methods_.SetCallOpSetInterface(this);
   // The following call_start_batch is internally-generated so no need for an
   // explanatory log on failure.
-  GPR_ASSERT(grpc_call_start_batch(call->call(), &ops, 1, core_cq_tag_,
-                                   nullptr) == GRPC_CALL_OK);
+  CHECK(grpc_call_start_batch(call->call(), &ops, 1, core_cq_tag_, nullptr) ==
+        GRPC_CALL_OK);
   // No interceptors to run here
 }
 
@@ -302,7 +303,7 @@ ServerContextBase::CallWrapper::~CallWrapper() {
 void ServerContextBase::BeginCompletionOp(
     internal::Call* call, std::function<void(bool)> callback,
     grpc::internal::ServerCallbackCall* callback_controller) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(!completion_op_);
+  CHECK(!completion_op_);
   if (rpc_info_) {
     rpc_info_->Ref();
   }
@@ -374,7 +375,7 @@ void ServerContextBase::set_compression_algorithm(
     grpc_core::Crash(absl::StrFormat(
         "Name for compression algorithm '%d' unknown.", algorithm));
   }
-  GPR_ASSERT(algorithm_name != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(algorithm_name, nullptr);
   AddInitialMetadata(GRPC_COMPRESSION_REQUEST_ALGORITHM_MD_KEY, algorithm_name);
 }
 
@@ -404,7 +405,7 @@ void ServerContextBase::SetLoadReportingCosts(
 void ServerContextBase::CreateCallMetricRecorder(
     experimental::ServerMetricRecorder* server_metric_recorder) {
   if (call_.call == nullptr) return;
-  GPR_ASSERT(call_metric_recorder_ == nullptr);
+  CHECK_EQ(call_metric_recorder_, nullptr);
   grpc_core::Arena* arena = grpc_call_get_arena(call_.call);
   auto* backend_metric_state =
       arena->New<BackendMetricState>(server_metric_recorder);
diff --git a/src/cpp/server/xds_server_credentials.cc b/src/cpp/server/xds_server_credentials.cc
index 185fbb6ac6..eb7f6ddfda 100644
--- a/src/cpp/server/xds_server_credentials.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/server/xds_server_credentials.cc
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 #include <memory>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
+
 #include <grpc/grpc.h>
 #include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
@@ -27,8 +29,8 @@ namespace grpc {
 
 std::shared_ptr<ServerCredentials> XdsServerCredentials(
     const std::shared_ptr<ServerCredentials>& fallback_credentials) {
-  GPR_ASSERT(fallback_credentials != nullptr);
-  GPR_ASSERT(fallback_credentials->c_creds_ != nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(fallback_credentials, nullptr);
+  CHECK_NE(fallback_credentials->c_creds_, nullptr);
   return std::shared_ptr<ServerCredentials>(new ServerCredentials(
       grpc_xds_server_credentials_create(fallback_credentials->c_creds_)));
 }
diff --git a/src/cpp/thread_manager/thread_manager.cc b/src/cpp/thread_manager/thread_manager.cc
index 2675f32af6..1264bb3102 100644
--- a/src/cpp/thread_manager/thread_manager.cc
+++ b/src/cpp/thread_manager/thread_manager.cc
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 #include <climits>
 
+#include "absl/log/check.h"
 #include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
 
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ ThreadManager::ThreadManager(const char*, grpc_resource_quota* resource_quota,
 ThreadManager::~ThreadManager() {
   {
     grpc_core::MutexLock lock(&mu_);
-    GPR_ASSERT(num_threads_ == 0);
+    CHECK_EQ(num_threads_, 0);
   }
 
   CleanupCompletedThreads();
@@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ void ThreadManager::Initialize() {
 
   for (int i = 0; i < min_pollers_; i++) {
     WorkerThread* worker = new WorkerThread(this);
-    GPR_ASSERT(worker->created());  // Must be able to create the minimum
+    CHECK(worker->created());  // Must be able to create the minimum
     worker->Start();
   }
 }